Passage32
IndependentInformationandAnalysisfromtheUSATheGapBetweenRichandPoorWidenedinU.S.CapitalWashingtonD.C.ranksfirstamongthe40citieswiththewidestgapbetweenthepoorandtherich,accordingtoarecentreportreleasedbytheD.C.FiscalPolicyInstituteonJuly22nd.Thetop20percentofhouseholdsinD.C.haveanaverageyearlyincomeof$186,830,31timesthatofthebottom20percent,whichearnsonly$6,126peryear.TheincomegapisalsobiginAtlantaandMiami,butthedifferenceisnotaspronounced.
Thereportalsoindicatesthatthewideninggapoccurredmainlyduringthe1990s.Overthelastdecade,theaverageincomeofthetop20percentofhouseholdshasgrown36percent,whiletheaverageincomeofthebottom20percenthasonlyrisen3percent
“Ibelievetheconcentrationofthemiddle-tohigh-incomefamiliesintheD.C.areawillcontinue,therefore,theincomegapbetweenrichandpoorwillbehardtobridge,”DavidGarrisontoldtheWashingtonObserver.GarrisonisaseniorresearcherwiththeBrookingsInstitution,specializinginthestudyofthesocialandeconomicpoliciesinthegreaterWashingtonD.C.area.
ThereportattributedthepersistentincomegapinWashingtontothearea’sspecialjobopportunities,whichattracthigh-incomehouseholds.EspeciallysincethefederalgovernmentisbasedinWashingtonD.C.,Governmentagenciesandothergovernmentrelatedbusinessessuchaslobbyingfirmsandgovernmentcontractorsconstantlyofferhigh-payingjobs,whichcontributetothetrendofincreasinghigh-incomehouseholdsintheD.C.area.Forexample,asingleyoungprofessionalworkinginalawfirminD.C.canearnasmuchas$100,000inhisorherfirstyearoutoflawschool.“Inaddition,high-qualityhousingavailableinWashingtonD.C.isoneofthemainreasonswhyhigh-incomefamilieschoosetolivehere,whilemiddleandlow-incomefamilies,iftheycanaffordit,choosetomoveoutofWashingtonD.C.totheVirginiaandMarylandsuburbssothattheirkidscangotobetterschools,”statedGarrison.
“AsrichfamiliescontinuetomoveintoD.C.andmiddleandlow-incomefamiliesaremovingout,thepoorestfamiliesareleftwithnowheretomove,orcannotaffordtomove.Thiscreatesthesituationwefacenow:ahugeincomegapbetweentherichandpoor.”
TheWashingtonD.C.areatowhichGarrisonrefersistheDistrictofColumbiacityitself,notincludingthegreaterWashingtonmetroarea.“ThegreaterWashingtonmetroareahasalargepopulationofabout5million,butthelow-incomehouseholdsareoftenconcentratedinD.C.proper,”Garrisonexplained.
TonyBlalock,thespokespersonforMayorAnthonyWilliams,saidresignedly,“NomatterwhatweseemtodotobringinvestmentintotheDistrict,acertainpopulationisnotabletoaccesstheuniqueemploymentopportunitiesthere.Thegapbetweentherichandpooristheproductofcomplexforces,andwon’tbefixedovernight.”
GarrisonbelievesthattheD.C.governmentshouldattracthigh-incomefamilies.Bydoingso,theDistrict’staxbasecangrow,whichinturncanhelpimproveD.C.’sinfrastructure.“Butinthemeantime,theDistrictgovernmentshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationtherightsofthepoor,setupgoodschoolsforthem,andprovidesoundsocialwelfare.Allthesemeasurescanalleviatethediresituationcausedbyincomedisparity.“
Garrison,however,isnotoptimisticaboutthepossibilityofclosingthegapbetweentherichandpoor.Heisparticularlydoubtfulthatcurrenteconomicprogresswillbeabletohelpoutthepoor.“Bush’stax-cutplandidbringaboutthiswaveofeconomicrecovery,andtheworkingprofessionalsandrichdidbenefitfromit.Itisunfairtosaythattheplandidnothelpthepooratall…itjustdidn’tbenefitthemasmuchasitdidtherich,”Garrisonsaid.“TheworkingclassinAmerica,thosewhodothesimplestwork,getpaidtheleast,anddutifullypaytheirtaxes,hasnotbenefitedfromBush’stax-cutplanmuch.”
Garrisonconcludes,“AlotofcitiesinAmericadidnotenjoythepositiveimpactoftheeconomicrecovery.WashingtonD.C.,ontheotherhand,hasalwaysbeenshelteredbythefederalgovernment.ThewidegapbetweenrichandpoorintheDistrict,therefore,deservesmorein-depthstudyandexploration.”
Thereportalsoindicatesthatthewideninggapoccurredmainlyduringthe1990s.Overthelastdecade,theaverageincomeofthetop20percentofhouseholdshasgrown36percent,whiletheaverageincomeofthebottom20percenthasonlyrisen3percent
“Ibelievetheconcentrationofthemiddle-tohigh-incomefamiliesintheD.C.areawillcontinue,therefore,theincomegapbetweenrichandpoorwillbehardtobridge,”DavidGarrisontoldtheWashingtonObserver.GarrisonisaseniorresearcherwiththeBrookingsInstitution,specializinginthestudyofthesocialandeconomicpoliciesinthegreaterWashingtonD.C.area.
ThereportattributedthepersistentincomegapinWashingtontothearea’sspecialjobopportunities,whichattracthigh-incomehouseholds.EspeciallysincethefederalgovernmentisbasedinWashingtonD.C.,Governmentagenciesandothergovernmentrelatedbusinessessuchaslobbyingfirmsandgovernmentcontractorsconstantlyofferhigh-payingjobs,whichcontributetothetrendofincreasinghigh-incomehouseholdsintheD.C.area.Forexample,asingleyoungprofessionalworkinginalawfirminD.C.canearnasmuchas$100,000inhisorherfirstyearoutoflawschool.“Inaddition,high-qualityhousingavailableinWashingtonD.C.isoneofthemainreasonswhyhigh-incomefamilieschoosetolivehere,whilemiddleandlow-incomefamilies,iftheycanaffordit,choosetomoveoutofWashingtonD.C.totheVirginiaandMarylandsuburbssothattheirkidscangotobetterschools,”statedGarrison.
“AsrichfamiliescontinuetomoveintoD.C.andmiddleandlow-incomefamiliesaremovingout,thepoorestfamiliesareleftwithnowheretomove,orcannotaffordtomove.Thiscreatesthesituationwefacenow:ahugeincomegapbetweentherichandpoor.”
TheWashingtonD.C.areatowhichGarrisonrefersistheDistrictofColumbiacityitself,notincludingthegreaterWashingtonmetroarea.“ThegreaterWashingtonmetroareahasalargepopulationofabout5million,butthelow-incomehouseholdsareoftenconcentratedinD.C.proper,”Garrisonexplained.
TonyBlalock,thespokespersonforMayorAnthonyWilliams,saidresignedly,“NomatterwhatweseemtodotobringinvestmentintotheDistrict,acertainpopulationisnotabletoaccesstheuniqueemploymentopportunitiesthere.Thegapbetweentherichandpooristheproductofcomplexforces,andwon’tbefixedovernight.”
GarrisonbelievesthattheD.C.governmentshouldattracthigh-incomefamilies.Bydoingso,theDistrict’staxbasecangrow,whichinturncanhelpimproveD.C.’sinfrastructure.“Butinthemeantime,theDistrictgovernmentshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationtherightsofthepoor,setupgoodschoolsforthem,andprovidesoundsocialwelfare.Allthesemeasurescanalleviatethediresituationcausedbyincomedisparity.“
Garrison,however,isnotoptimisticaboutthepossibilityofclosingthegapbetweentherichandpoor.Heisparticularlydoubtfulthatcurrenteconomicprogresswillbeabletohelpoutthepoor.“Bush’stax-cutplandidbringaboutthiswaveofeconomicrecovery,andtheworkingprofessionalsandrichdidbenefitfromit.Itisunfairtosaythattheplandidnothelpthepooratall…itjustdidn’tbenefitthemasmuchasitdidtherich,”Garrisonsaid.“TheworkingclassinAmerica,thosewhodothesimplestwork,getpaidtheleast,anddutifullypaytheirtaxes,hasnotbenefitedfromBush’stax-cutplanmuch.”
Garrisonconcludes,“AlotofcitiesinAmericadidnotenjoythepositiveimpactoftheeconomicrecovery.WashingtonD.C.,ontheotherhand,hasalwaysbeenshelteredbythefederalgovernment.ThewidegapbetweenrichandpoorintheDistrict,therefore,deservesmorein-depthstudyandexploration.”
举一反三
- <spanstyle="display:block;text-align:center;">Passage4</span>●Readthememoandtherequestbelow.<br/>●Completetheformonthefollowingpage.<br/>●Writeaword,phraseornumberinspaces41-45onyourbook.<br/>Memo<br/>To:CharlesMurphy@yahoo.com<br/>From:RobertJames@sohu.com<br/>Subject:BooksNotDelivered<br/>Message:<br/>April8,2005<br/>Charles,<br/>YouweregoingtosendthebooksonInternationalTradeandMulti-culturalCommunicationtomebyyesterday.Theyhavenotarrived.PleasegetintouchwithmeASAP.Weneedthesebooksfortomorrowafternoon’smeeting.<br/><spanstyle="display:block;text-align:right;">Thanks,</span><br/><spanstyle="display:block;text-align:right;">Rnbert</span><br/>ARequestfortheBooksOrdered<br/>Thepersonwhoreceivedthemessage:(41)______<br/>Whathappened:(42)______<br/>Whenwerethebooksduetoarrive:(43)______<br/>Thenameofthebook:(44)______<br/>Whenwillthebookbeused:(45)______
- 以下程序的输出结果是______。 [br][/br]s = 10 [br][/br]def run(n): [br][/br] global s [br][/br] for i in range(n): [br][/br] s += i [br][/br] return s [br][/br]print(s,run(5)) A: UnboundLocalErro B: 10 10 C: 20 20 D: 10 20
- <spanstyle="display:block;text-align:center;">Passage8</span>●Readthemagazinearticlebelowaboutacompanywhichchecksontheserviceprovidedbyshops.<br/>●Choosethecorrectwordtofilleachgap,fromA,BorContheoppositepage.<br/>●Foreachquestion29-40,markoneletter(A,BorC)onyourAnswerSheet.<br/><spanstyle="display:block;text-align:center;">SECRETSHOPPERS</span>TimWrightknowsallaboutmakingcompaniesmoreefficient.Hisfirm,Check-up,sends‘secretshoppers’intoretailandleisurecompanies(29)______ordertomakesurethatcustomersarereceivinggoodservice.After(30)______visit,thesecretshoppersprepareareportforthecompanytoletthemknow(31)______goodorbadtheservicewas.‘Companiesliketoknow,’saysMr.Wright,‘that(32)______customersgointoastorejustafewminutesbeforeclosingtime,theywill(33)______getgoodservice.’Check-up(34)______setupinthewestofEnglandin1992and(35)______twoyearsmovedtoLondonsoitcouldofferanationwideservice.(36)______thelastthreeyears,Check-up’sprofitshave(37)______dramaticallyascompanieshavecometorealize(38)______greatimportanceofgoodcustomerservice.Havingstartedwithjust;threeemployees,Check-upnowhasastaff(39)______sixty-fiveandlastweek(40)______animportantnewcontractwithamajorsupermarketchain.<br/>29.AinBbyCon<br/>30.AourBhisCtheir<br/>31.AwhetherBhowCif<br/>32.AwhileBwhenC.As<br/>33.AstillByetC.Already<br/>34.AhasBisCwas<br/>35.AuntilB.AfterClater<br/>36.AFromBDuringCSince<br/>37.AincreaseBincreasingCincreased<br/>38.AthisBthatCthe<br/>39.AofB.AtCtoo<br/>40.AsignBsignedCsigning
- <spanstyle="display:block;text-align:center;">Passage7</span>●Readthearticlebelowabouttheimportanceofhiringrightpeople.<br/>●ChoosethecorrectwordtofilleachgapfromA,BorContheoppositepage.<br/>●Foreachquestion29-40,markoneletter(A,B,orC)onyourAnswerSheet.<br/><spanstyle="display:block;text-align:center;">Hiring:DoYouKnowHowImportanttoPickThem?</span>Yoursmallbusinessisgrowing,themarkethasaneed(29)______yourproduct,andyou’rerecruitingemployeestoexpandyourbusiness.Whatcouldpossibly(30)______wrong?Theansweris,alot,(31)______youdon’thiretherightpeople.<br/>Oneofthedifferencesbetweenbusinessesthatboomand(32)______thatlimpalongisgoodemployees.Obviously,yourtalentasanentrepreneurhasalottodo(33)______thesuccessofyourbusiness,butyou(34)______onlygosofarbyyourself.Youmustfindgoodemployees,figureout(35)______motivatesthem,andthenplacethemintotherightposition.<br/>Hiringemployeesis(36)______andrequiresalotofpatienceandenergy.Youhavetoresistthetemptationtofillthejobquicklywithoneofthefirstfew(37)______whocomealongor(38)______someonewhoisonlysufficient(39)______youwanttostop(40)______andgetbacktoyourbusiness.<br/>29.AforBtoCin<br/>30.AleaveBcomeCgo<br/>31.AAlthoughBifCbut<br/>32.AtheseBthoseCthey<br/>33.AonBinCwith<br/>34.AcanBoughtCshall<br/>35.AwhatBthatCwhich<br/>36.Atime-consumeBtime-consumedCtime-consuming<br/>37.ApersonBpeopleCpeoples<br/>38.AhireBhiresChiring<br/>39.AsoBbecauseCwhile<br/>40.AinterviewsBinterviewCinterviewing
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