举一反三
- 谓词公式∀xP(x)→∀xQ(x)∨∃yR(y)的前束范式为 A: ∀x∀z∃y(P(x)→Q(z) ∨ R( y)) B: ∃x∀z∃y(P(x)→Q(z) ∨ R( y)) C: ∀x∃y(P(x)→Q(x) ∨ R( y)) D: ∃x∀y(P(x)→Q(x) ∨ R( y))
- 设P(x):x是大象,Q(x):x是老鼠,R(x,y):x比y重,则命题“大象比老鼠重”的符号化为 A: ∀x∀y(P(x)∧Q(y)→R(x,y)) B: P(x)∧Q(y)→R(x,y) C: ∀x∃y(P(x)∧Q(y)∧R(x,y)) D: ∃x∃y(P(x)∧Q(y)∧R(x,y))
- 以下哪几项是前束范式? A: (∀x)(∀y)(P(x)∧(∃z)Q(y,z)∨R(x,z)) B: (∀z)(∀x)(∃y)(P(x)∧Q(y,z)∨R(x,z)) C: (∀x)(∀y)(P(x)∧Q(y,z)∨(∃z)R(x,z)) D: (∃x)(∃y)(∀z)(P(x)∧Q(y,z)∨R(x,z))
- 【单选题】与公式("x)(P(x)∧Q(x, y))Þ($x)R(x, y)等值的是()。 A. ( " x )( P ( x ) ∧ Q ( x , z )) Þ ( $ x ) R ( x , y ) B. ( " y )( P ( y ) ∧ Q ( y , y )) Þ ( $ x ) R ( x , y ) C. ( " z )( P (z ) ∧ Q ( x , y )) Þ ( $ x ) R ( x , y ) D. ( " u )( P ( u ) ∧ Q ( u , z )) Þ ( $ x ) R ( x , z )
- 与公式("x)(P(x)∧Q(x, y))Þ($x)R(x, y)等值的是( )。 A: ("x)(P(x)∧Q(x, z))Þ($x)R(x, y) B: ("y)(P(y)∧Q(y, y))Þ($x)R(x, y) C: ("z)(P(z)∧Q(x, y))Þ($x)R(x, y) D: ("u)(P(u)∧Q(u, z))Þ($x)R(x, z)
内容
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【单选题】公式(∀x)[P(x)∧Q(x, A) →(∃y)[R(x, y)∨S(y)]]中,∀x的辖域为 , ∃y的辖域为 。 A. P(x); R(x, y) B. P(x)∧Q(x, A); R(x, y) C. P(x)∧Q(x, A)→(∃y)[R(x, y)∨S(y)]; R(x, y) D. P(x)∧Q(x, A)→(∃y)[R(x, y)∨S(y)]; R(x, y)∨S(y)
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( )不是有效的推理。 A: 前提:("x)(~P(x)ÞQ(x)), ("x)~Q(x)结论:P(a) B: 前提:("x)(P(x)ÞQ) 结论:("x)P(x)ÞQ C: 前提:("x)(P(x)∨Q(x)), ("x)(Q(x)Þ~R(x)) 结论:($x)(R(x)ÞP(x)) D: 前提:("x)(P(x)Þ(Q(x)∧R(x))), ($x)(P(x)∧S(x))结论:("x)(R(x)∧S(x)) E: 前提:("x)($y)P(x, y)结论:("x)($y)($z)(P(x, y)∧P(y, z)) F: 前提:("x)P(x)∨("x)Q(x)结论:("x)(P(x)∨Q(x)) G: 前提:("x)(G(x)ÞH(x)),~($x)(F(x)∧H(x))结论:($x)F(x)Þ($x)G(x) H: 前提:("x)(H(x)ÞM(x))结论:("x)("y)(H(y)∧N(x, y)) Þ ($y)(M(y)∧N(a, y) )
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对谓词公式(∀x)((∃y)﹁P(x,y)∨(∃y)( Q(x,y) ∧﹁R(x,y)))化简可以得到包含哪几项的子句? A: P(x,f(x))∨Q(x,g(x)) B: ﹁P(x,f(x))∨Q(x,g(x)) C: ﹁P(y,f(y))∨﹁R(y,g(y)) D: P(y,f(y))∨R(y,g(y))
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表达式∀x(P(x,y)∨Q())∧∃y(R(x,y)→∀Zq())中∀x的辖域是() A: P(x,y) B: P(x,y)∨Q(z) C: R(x,y) D: P(x,y)∧R(x,y)
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下列哪个不是谓词公式() A: ∀x﹁(P(x)→Q(x)) B: ∃y(∀x(P(x,y))→∀x(Q(x))) C: ﹁∃x(P(x)∨P(y)) D: ∃z∀x(∃y∨P(z))