• 2022-06-29
    图 5.03 所示的是三相四线制电路,电源线电压 [tex=4.214x1.214]fsSPta8XS84q7kW4+mDLaAPAGyK1Dff214BbM/zNDVk=[/tex]三个电阻性负载接成 星形,其电阻为[tex=9.929x1.214]BMKzy9B7ccnDM8XWELmIBejn2uE/LT+Fdfynbf+70IAohZ6qGfYwCIRgkOlzSRQK[/tex](1) 试求负载相电压、相电流及中性线电流,并作出它们的相量图;(2) 如无中性线,当[tex=1.0x1.214]3J1EiwC8QQ0tHYSb7n+B5mnf7ciAgQm9wOPhIZXazoM=[/tex]相短路时求各相电压和电流,并作出它们的相量图; (3) 如无中性线, 当 [tex=1.0x1.214]vHpcwsQW3URTZMzl9Cn5J30mSiLWHmrGSt3CNnS2Z0E=[/tex]相断路时求另外两相的电压和电流; (4) 在( 2 ), (3) 中如有中性线,则又如何?[img=423x335]179ccf58ee65f0e.png[/img]
  • 解 : (1) 因为负载与电源间为三相四线制连接,即有中性 线的[tex=0.786x1.0]WQgIyzyeJPUg+kcALIMKbA==[/tex]形接法,负载各相电压对称,相电压 [tex=10.5x2.714]GRaO6c9rTGmJQ1nBTsWcqyT7iKANncEJRBouOAOXEwfJgYIWG3Ykr4+V6Oz4XFVUdIo8LS2fc+XlLjJIT/0mYeYwC8GnurSvNf66YtPFLrJMMelOUf0fQNw5LpIhP3uV[/tex]设[tex=1.071x1.429]jKRZDOMDFedY4WwKwMknIQ==[/tex]为参考相量,则负载各相电压相量为[tex=21.929x1.429]yAeV/UmYM5KkTTUTUZMAkHTu6NThEK0sC83vPktvoNgoJhCSTclwCUJ5Oew1jKUUSmhHAHRUg99mwhv5hwsUs6H8cKVNmKTb6T0flqAc16uE3/uuOSYRfXBUSE3488nxBZxIKGvfIkhf/CtOf1KyV+pT6V+GLAuUMJjd2G2RnT/zXc5kRHojQbT+Wh3u7PNZ0dA5dZW542NhOb3vZTMnww==[/tex]各相负载不对称,故各相电流为[tex=10.429x8.214]rZM5/OPAdr7aX+kNl9iwpGDftZCPDL7vc9Jge5L4fWssup5pXM0FiE97W3X6PI4B2Tzwmvm+1FiKGRO7937vX0XUDWVxFSTxFibPUJGxoOVzogWq8KB+Pl3eig00K/M8Lg+dIYqBt5T/9/x43+mGwmYevL71LNOsnbNFlxa9UHnKJHxQeHjmoVGhNw7mwJcj6UxRpZemEG+vRyrGDeWIr0giO+2jkgbIABdWZnJqu0tWsPoIevKIz5pG0GbaSoyG7g5iAvQTpFXnMuVlGtVT8gX5s6eOIMPvwOZ71viyiDBM1sdThoz1K50qm0CPtLNj[/tex]各相电流相量为[tex=20.5x1.429]K9H/x9RgIUsHXPJAxsvAyuNQWu4+jhBs6xG485LzanqR7S5q3LqXbKDtKqKmxRM6bJ5slrfiycHWqJO1/+O/2afLAfvmqeI6Wz+Uhtwrcj/4bEKVkpZ+yNek4GEnah8+ujDLPyt8ebrU6yEhlUdWLqfl5QE4gDRgfw+F47xr1pWGPf972D64geU7/JjOvaVRzpiaozBC4+u887Mnf35ZmkKoHjqgejswTR4pTXRkClc=[/tex]中性线电流为[tex=24.0x1.5]K9H/x9RgIUsHXPJAxsvAyj34q3mg8gWGxMHr8QKY70EqbkJ/U7yaiBOP4G8RAzqpcD2rUEQ9W9Eex4zA6RoE/zeTJcLDVSJhDcvLs1KsIAUdWzBOXfWpW+HJuiKNnlxyTMjY4QHmQiH27zm4a3kX6dGHPiRw5H80UmDtcpwK1G+YjnAJy+1QIsphvc+jYUIDn+YLUitsZiuEMSnva5guOYSn4UUSrQgGlzg5scIPf693eovWdvbs5AVTDxT0pP3N[/tex]电压、电流相量图如题解图 5.03 所示。(2) 如果无中性线,且 [tex=1.0x1.214]3J1EiwC8QQ0tHYSb7n+B5mnf7ciAgQm9wOPhIZXazoM=[/tex]相短路,则负载各相电压为[tex=2.214x1.5]t7vzFfqLY6l97YTOWQHLUptMJY9uwTEHFPWKXqk91cs=[/tex][tex=27.071x1.571]PvOzZbZtAB8Ss7tq5BGR62dZ5DSUTV/0WMSvVNZuuNemoRI9Aq0qr1oVvKvalg825Jt006XfUSzslMZF+p40jKpjocDNRf3TFdNJ3Rw3dTWfa52X4fXbiUp/bocfn+Br7WOvx/kfrYxck8X6paI88flpUXobMoU7RDkklNPdvWFUouTwLZaPSk2w/K0NJibZazBsip7k8ARFyAitb3Hy7yIuKK1otuXRKEVz3YrrZywWEMzZNrxBh764Fz2zP199[/tex][tex=24.429x1.571]6xzFSUN6zBz65IKeiHU/kq+TMqX9qSB4T9NSLWLKdPx+VVTMoaYV517qsgS/L+5L2mRknbVY+y76doLZ3GmmX8bZ6sWsIYjC5iLCRijAJW0tzIECssJlOvjK1vsxYhuJuFYgHRTgcfQErcJArRx5B9qi+cKXmHBu4qXOyJns8+y6Vxx6mNZYcaT5Te6QFvTiH/LOHcZ/wZQuKLrnrmlVbDjpf7X7thNFJ9iWs/+QJ7A=[/tex]负载各相电流为[tex=24.429x8.214]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[/tex]相量图如题解图 5.05 所示。[img=534x505]179ccfbbda7bafd.png[/img][br][/br](3) 如果无中性线,且 [tex=1.0x1.214]vHpcwsQW3URTZMzl9Cn5J30mSiLWHmrGSt3CNnS2Z0E=[/tex] 相断路,则[tex=2.714x1.214]flgOqq4uZN1LSPYtjvuYcQ==[/tex]串联于线电玉[tex=1.429x1.429]KS/uewHmf0njtZsh7k8cjQ==[/tex] 中,故[tex=18.714x2.786]XgyCbFSw4eTydfUJUFqDSucb/o/fOz/dBtXPgsmvQqZjIPeJh6fax8oi0AUB4Fp3dvfidDV68fN3hDC2LpRCXj8YfV3dY4xMHmOmElLt8nc1HuvuUvhMf0RNic9hCnaPz3iVEI50SuN32clK5vgFV/67geVgqhH+MZfPivf0PoamWQbtE1e4CvCm3RwvAp5H[/tex][tex=16.429x1.429]TokWllq/K1qNm50oRcJVNTkOfKJ5ClkWA3pO7SLIQEiev6z6Lb2zO97IQNdK+1vpMqQS7bveCRrO3hGs9j6yuGAT1vuZG55z1xVNVdu+HMFVHyN3HrBEXr2jdLDvl1lcR4cT55VI0GpMDnYYE5eAAw==[/tex][tex=17.857x1.429]VbXlrSXwE/5zPUHclwstvfK+FV0Prnx2r7eMaAqEYFLyh+lVDvyPfKA/wTSBkscQsxsIsLB+0vZ97JSG+7TmZMh4GA93+o78amBlgISdozKeHHmguskWlal0ERN6zzdmdd6rrjuwbS+pLMTelC5ACYTNHsSgOAILD2rpOCxEZAY=[/tex](4) 在(2)中有中性线,[tex=1.0x1.214]3J1EiwC8QQ0tHYSb7n+B5mnf7ciAgQm9wOPhIZXazoM=[/tex]相短路,则[tex=1.0x1.214]3J1EiwC8QQ0tHYSb7n+B5mnf7ciAgQm9wOPhIZXazoM=[/tex]相熔断器 因电流过大而熔断, [tex=2.429x1.214]XfMtYlQ5EjHWc6T9JvYyiWKkvOq1JbSgxiTyI8KZwrQ0JWWXX7D3C/2bfCn+EBYO[/tex]相未受影响,其电流、电压与(1)中相同。在(3)中有中性线, [tex=1.0x1.214]vHpcwsQW3URTZMzl9Cn5J30mSiLWHmrGSt3CNnS2Z0E=[/tex]相断路,则 [tex=1.0x1.214]vHpcwsQW3URTZMzl9Cn5J30mSiLWHmrGSt3CNnS2Z0E=[/tex]相电流为零, 各相电ya和[tex=2.429x1.214]lCe647/g8+Kc2/Fa7EJSmgd0xVIbfdAWqt9q35XZKZy6VuSSPvJNtEK39/h5iXxC[/tex]相电流与(1)中相同。

    举一反三

    内容

    • 0

      在图所示电路中,电源线电压 [tex=4.071x1.214]nQB2KYjJJfvUJYEBDZDhpg==[/tex]。(1) 如果图中各相负载阻抗的模都等于 [tex=1.786x1.0]pUF68XkY694UhS9Q4Q70Jg==[/tex], 是否可以说负载是对称的?(2) 试求各相电流,并用电压与电流的相量图计算中性线电流。如果中性线电流的参考方向选定同电路图上所示的方向相反,则结果有何不向?(3) 试求三相平均功率 [tex=0.786x1.286]dSWbQCTjdbLxKy7q0ps2gg==[/tex]。[img=229x233]1798e5330e8919d.png[/img]

    • 1

      6-2对 称三相电路的电源线电压为380V,三角形联结的对称负载[tex=6.214x1.357]+f73GUJtm9n46ie3tv+5x5Tiqvw+GcJI9tatoak+SN0=[/tex]。试求: (1)负载的相电流和线电流; (2) 画出相量图; (3) 若输电线阻抗[tex=5.429x1.357]CNz7myOA2VLv7yG2NqCDZtkh7rT5MA+kXbd9stzm7Ok=[/tex],再求负载的相电流和线电流。

    • 2

      在如图9-27所示对称三相电路中,[tex=5.714x1.286]SGrFkMIZ0bqyerU3SNZtFt14HuzbVBgvFwIHtHlY8so4vXdaWWabUgDuPRrJiG+7yGcALd8k3MACTGIvG0fENQ==[/tex]负载阻抗[tex=7.0x1.357]p9Dz6tACDST+p8J/bNyo50BCrzjCKDzUjYAEjtmh9FW5Bv+JNmYzu6nTltjXYrkF[/tex]。试求(1)当U相负载发生短路时,负载各相的电压,并画出三相负载的线电压和相电压的相量图;(2)当U相负载断开时,负载各相的电压,并画出三相负载的线电压和相电压的相量图。[p=align:center][img=300x173]17e395638b41a95.png[/img]

    • 3

      如图所示,三相电源的相电压为[tex=2.286x1.0]+1AJ+QxPgY6HhqplYsXCgA==[/tex],每相负载的阻抗均为[tex=1.786x1.0]KUBF6+aKLpXnjuD5AAx2lg==[/tex]。(1) 是否可以说负载是对称的,为什么?(2) 试求各相电流及中线电流,并画出向量图(电压、电流);(3) 试求三相平均功率[tex=0.857x1.0]sKuuIgoU/ynFEIl8B2/CpA==[/tex]。[img=297x249]179e0898852a9b1.png[/img]

    • 4

      已知对称三 相电路的线电压[tex=3.929x1.214]9LXfRj1PA1dHhlZTmqEknQ==[/tex](电源端),三角形负载阻抗[tex=6.429x1.357]PbvEyrhs+OR3zX6zsAKU4Fth3G432mVhyU2jDgP0+LU=[/tex],端线阳抗[tex=6.286x1.357]sqAnwwXWDog/tktZ3dv/rEhI0YagKflH337pkraPrXE=[/tex]。求线电流和负载的柑电流,并作相量图