• 2022-06-29
    图 2. 4. 20 所示的是三相四线制电路,电源线电压[tex=3.786x1.214]ItCdYlbmXgvAYh0Boc1hWA==[/tex]。三个电阻性负载连成星形,其电阻为[tex=9.429x1.214]BMKzy9B7ccnDM8XWELmIBejn2uE/LT+Fdfynbf+70IDMfPgjToYx173IAeVAZmAf[/tex]。(1) 试求负载相电压、相电流及中性线电流,并作出它们的相量图;(2)如无中性线,当[tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex]相短路时求各相电压和电流,并作出它们的相量图;(3)如无中性线,当[tex=1.071x1.214]AWtzEw0YM6gOUaZlJlRYnA==[/tex]相断路时求另外两相的电压和电流;(4)在(2)、(3)中如有中性线,则又如何?[img=330x216]17977ced75ef7e0.png[/img]
  • (1)因有中性线,负载相电压对称[tex=6.643x2.714]I2AfjT/FHZWsXD2X4loIP8LK8I5A4QOyiXXudJKUXn2qHyLazDRBkhiPEOf7fkuO[/tex]设[tex=5.571x1.429]j/z//Wj+69k3/rPxdxJmkvZ4s9MgVKOMixHHnGd+LBmLKCdx53tD6J8kYxAs60YP[/tex]为参考正弦量,则[tex=15.071x1.429]ohi62GJPZYHUhKxmSUpMQL+gTeq8LEE/do94O+qc0iPII1bp1zrL+XRxuGiHJBJAGlFuESN9xIxJfeWyeassbaMmwU+lhkfKDKKTvJ8kzhI0dDc5ECNzxZ2y87SpmkwM[/tex]各相电流为[tex=12.643x2.786]9nWuMOgGIR32GKrVIpWRtmA0dH8iqTgqef1MrLyNAzcEgO6llZu4VPeE08DXsiMbnBl+ESX+vUWedLsQOXSW1M3q5s4GjMOGjdohvqNhDx0hBSmQRue4RYgwrNSUrz40ZL6MVR4/oX4xCpDe88+LTQ==[/tex][tex=16.214x2.786]JiOTTp//6/tujThwLBxaQexMTtxiAANJkt0vlE8mYtwsmo9L5fkZvm0Mo5O77Tjc0uvAMI77vhQZKYArvubckURAwLYvnsjynJ1IQ/W6F8qLWOJtCWHAKYrvqr5E/H4eXakFVt9TUEOhisQ0sL3u7A==[/tex][tex=14.643x2.786]LU3IH+udQhVG91cICpceiHP5m7vx+1xGOODOgciiBvuQkGvbYzW5JZHph+hFEGura2mEY452meCmdSUgklUMEqa2ixUM7sV6pQ+bX/gnU5tiLRR5W8ROZZ77QBFxF7bGsdytptNH+u3O1maf3FHR7g==[/tex]中性线电流为[tex=24.786x1.5]miqXqOwzkLuGspzaQChzIGg4m/1hqVor8tHlJ9Ts1ogKP97cdXc1dEBYZvmUO83VADlBZmIQsuuDxXYYOYLJeM94rHBmL8PEuunD5zedUCVzlFMYVHD6H2WRBeRpoKoyPYGn2phcDX5FB/FVa+j8uFxsegORwJgqoC72PfOxgBD2BFB6IR1FSLfRsZHjPuzZdI3YuvtbIOyFfbmj97FNEQ==[/tex]相量图如图 2. 4. 21 所示。[img=205x250]17977d17b05c2d4.png[/img](2)当无中性线而[tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex]相短路时,负载中性点[tex=1.143x1.143]DlhPJpDI0UapLuh5Y4bq/A==[/tex]即为[tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex],如图 2. 4. 22 (a)所示,因此负载相电压为[tex=5.5x1.5]qTL0NR55Jg4nYZMr0aaTcY21GtGmnjkzmB0EiiwBslFobiuhtiH49k276nRvuvR5[/tex][tex=8.0x1.5]fRSvnhtxDQVtp6CWZT5Vei1TNOGmWyaUCoW6qmfV6TzukGifVplfMIE1VgDuSQmv3JQ4Fs0tyCelfbbKgdIzfA==[/tex][tex=8.0x1.5]Ql44fFWqDdXznQ0hHoet+HJ2WTTKmgJ9U/B29h+yBH0yDWSBJaker47R9bb7mRptkINsJ57jXh+XvxU1sTP09A==[/tex]不同于电源相电压。负载相电流为[tex=10.214x2.643]yeMNa2Q9vOe0qf8dkI80tCOUzS8zYjnxqeuTq+uQRZKCEq/cXeTQftbc6A3wnqgYe3I6Ml4qXzt2cy2+GrFHfg==[/tex][tex=10.214x2.643]WbSCaRJOrEydvGyl9p0ddDD2/5XV9pUFaVGE7PT9lj4t5uy77jXEGSa+B/ReUCAGhhFPm+SrCmcN76AsYZvB6g==[/tex][tex=0.857x1.214]RPdOSmK9fqrea/ST6rVY8w==[/tex] 可从图 2. 4. 22 (b)的相量图得出[tex=11.143x2.214]fttyoU8HKt10xjW9oakxU/Jz8nfeNPj3sl1rW1TxKdRrcojHuCJptuwf8mH3PpFIUajv+7ObY0SXnlaRuScnNAiMX10ITdFVM4oMNz6UVFc=[/tex][tex=19.5x2.857]XzcrWeGQkvhAive72pcCUIgf5GHzaz5lkYp2iUvmjlXWtpJC7WT0u/ekI/T6H9alkVewIyP+H17scTwZJKDL0+bFpXJHds78oxyPWfC1SAnxD/bnMnuByIVRtXcfx7F+[/tex][img=504x287]17977d7ffc206f5.png[/img](3)当无中性线而[tex=1.071x1.214]AWtzEw0YM6gOUaZlJlRYnA==[/tex]相断路时, [tex=1.143x1.214]WB5oUFU97imVoOqmwwnMtg==[/tex]与[tex=1.143x1.214]akFdfHl3PdcRxRUQleHWdA==[/tex]串联后接在[tex=4.286x1.214]iuIvfZknrsQ16lwziTDD8A==[/tex]的电源上,则[tex=18.286x2.571]w/3kfCarIRpXfGHnYBVWBLVADZxRdm+WXjhzNh9a+QtML3iUlf/0U+Yk2Be1Fle6zqwtNmxnuW4Xm46n7MorcQZFpEIFGhDHuLg1VbR1YZosjhmAHQ72UHFa+KWRKOYf[/tex][tex=11.929x1.429]4mJEPEyeDajXxiOqirX7oBLl9kA20I2sWqQP/mrPETcBERXpg6efIj0z1FPTJPe2xy66TTiRFKCo2akvM1/luA==[/tex][tex=11.929x1.429]EdvDyBTwoGatUMDDBHmewW2YB4BPlqxly1F8/TVrHBUOcv3FmSw3sm0RyONoNSjFvQWZGRYgg+k1be1hSP38FA==[/tex](4)如在(2)中有中性线,则[tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex]相短路电流很大,将 [tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex]相中的熔断器熔断,而[tex=1.071x1.214]lpNK+Y2UHk0AYP+binkpDA==[/tex]相和[tex=1.071x1.214]AWtzEw0YM6gOUaZlJlRYnA==[/tex]相未受影响,其相电压仍为[tex=2.143x1.0]6Eppaj71J0QfJHboafx+Ag==[/tex]。如在(3)中有中性线,则[tex=1.071x1.214]oGGz1njr2L1hj4kK/kSewA==[/tex]相和[tex=1.071x1.214]lpNK+Y2UHk0AYP+binkpDA==[/tex]相未受影响。

    举一反三

    内容

    • 0

      在图所示电路中,电源线电压 [tex=4.071x1.214]nQB2KYjJJfvUJYEBDZDhpg==[/tex]。(1) 如果图中各相负载阻抗的模都等于 [tex=1.786x1.0]pUF68XkY694UhS9Q4Q70Jg==[/tex], 是否可以说负载是对称的?(2) 试求各相电流,并用电压与电流的相量图计算中性线电流。如果中性线电流的参考方向选定同电路图上所示的方向相反,则结果有何不向?(3) 试求三相平均功率 [tex=0.786x1.286]dSWbQCTjdbLxKy7q0ps2gg==[/tex]。[img=229x233]1798e5330e8919d.png[/img]

    • 1

      6-2对 称三相电路的电源线电压为380V,三角形联结的对称负载[tex=6.214x1.357]+f73GUJtm9n46ie3tv+5x5Tiqvw+GcJI9tatoak+SN0=[/tex]。试求: (1)负载的相电流和线电流; (2) 画出相量图; (3) 若输电线阻抗[tex=5.429x1.357]CNz7myOA2VLv7yG2NqCDZtkh7rT5MA+kXbd9stzm7Ok=[/tex],再求负载的相电流和线电流。

    • 2

      在如图9-27所示对称三相电路中,[tex=5.714x1.286]SGrFkMIZ0bqyerU3SNZtFt14HuzbVBgvFwIHtHlY8so4vXdaWWabUgDuPRrJiG+7yGcALd8k3MACTGIvG0fENQ==[/tex]负载阻抗[tex=7.0x1.357]p9Dz6tACDST+p8J/bNyo50BCrzjCKDzUjYAEjtmh9FW5Bv+JNmYzu6nTltjXYrkF[/tex]。试求(1)当U相负载发生短路时,负载各相的电压,并画出三相负载的线电压和相电压的相量图;(2)当U相负载断开时,负载各相的电压,并画出三相负载的线电压和相电压的相量图。[p=align:center][img=300x173]17e395638b41a95.png[/img]

    • 3

      已知对称三 相电路的线电压[tex=3.929x1.214]9LXfRj1PA1dHhlZTmqEknQ==[/tex](电源端),三角形负载阻抗[tex=6.429x1.357]PbvEyrhs+OR3zX6zsAKU4Fth3G432mVhyU2jDgP0+LU=[/tex],端线阳抗[tex=6.286x1.357]sqAnwwXWDog/tktZ3dv/rEhI0YagKflH337pkraPrXE=[/tex]。求线电流和负载的柑电流,并作相量图

    • 4

      4-2.已知对称三相电路每相负载的电阻R=8Q ,感抗XL=6Q。[br][/br](1)设电源电压U=380V。求负载星形连接时的相电压,相电流,线电流,并作相量图。[br][/br](2 )设电源电压U= 220V。求负载三角形连接时的相电压,相电流,线电流,并作相量图。[br][/br](3 )设电源电压U仍为380V。求负载三角形连接时的相电压,相电流,线电流又是多少?[br][/br](4)分析比较以上三种情况。当负载额定电压220V,电源线电压380V时和220V时两种情况下,各应如何连接?[br][/br]