在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex] 时,有一个含乙酸乙酯和 [tex=2.5x1.0]GHRsmfVsMdRLmfcEgxEsqw==[/tex] 浓度均为 [tex=6.5x1.214]rSmB/Y+yav8YJ4Sus5KDnRTkVPj2FoHCic6klBiA9oc=[/tex]的混合溶液,用电导率仪测定溶液在不同时刻的电导率,由此计算出溶液中碱浓度的变化,实验数据如下：[img=902x109]17a9b1a5d698a5b.png[/img]确定该反应的级数,求速率系数和半衰期;

2022-10-25

在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex] 时,有一个含乙酸乙酯和 [tex=2.5x1.0]GHRsmfVsMdRLmfcEgxEsqw==[/tex] 浓度均为 [tex=6.5x1.214]rSmB/Y+yav8YJ4Sus5KDnRTkVPj2FoHCic6klBiA9oc=[/tex]的混合溶液,用电导率仪测定溶液在不同时刻的电导率,由此计算出溶液中碱浓度的变化,实验数据如下：[img=902x109]17a9b1a5d698a5b.png[/img]确定该反应的级数,求速率系数和半衰期;

答案：

解 假设反应为二级,将实验数据代人二级反应 [tex=2.571x1.357]4Xs+8Lcq6Nsd25h7sovKQQ==[/tex]的定积分式,计算[tex=0.571x1.0]rFc/sfAAuCOtzhevhoREeA==[/tex] 值看是否基本为一常数。为清楚起见,首先计算出生成物浓度随时间的变化 情况:[tex=5.929x1.5]+fvNUDZkNNGFQZDvxR70S6dbBaXZvYK/fNZiGQAiu5s=[/tex][img=882x110]17a9b1c23023571.png[/img][tex=20.643x12.214]JCkA5M2jc3+g/41TcZ2WD99kx3XUM6UoiI/KAOko6kltNRuc2nBjBZVspmhXcqYZ4U+uwe7G0FqrTCBmF4b88GJKb6j4WDhISrhIRXOlufWuCOWg2NT9KeJdx7//ksdFQOPsQWpbMKcO4F+oDzHihAzJMlJ4dEx9ppDH/3VS1xBmk4AkAu6J5ZifC9GdRmhb9+G8VoTTDVKSD3k4HqYBgBYEd15sNjXZXjxGFCUQA5nWDfOrrrNnSlXhc9wEdoIwrDVu1KXseidnxzzweifEObcK9PeNFpQNjGgWJSDcxHzJcJbEGv/a04gXePN9KvDuMh5Di471zxnaLX1u/fUaFzyWg2z0Kqg2csK/O4FWXpRmEZB5SS3OGW6OhP20cmcZEhtymMetHVa9lN5f/akuSvwYO4b7lRLNiyUevLZLREllWsneQM4eWzSIB/UECb2ExMvbQbyLXgi6XLCjoBwujlGnrN2ibsdbon+nOFnOI4gN0ARi6JdVLeCgFplN4DMQ1UowG2xxQCLJeAgx3RlSTNcCRZCmAhl10qbj+GcpP4Ke7QttsGKOlvo7BuD0f8IRgNq9wFjDVI2sgDaZ0Zy0/5NBZqrxqee7Jcln5gGbmtTHWWeVfp5Z8oIsGXMzCUxPdG9zjLOrzs+JVZG7ySmTfw==[/tex]同理[tex=14.071x9.071]CeOWlpLvH8Qhk/RmfIvBHUWBj67Rf39wgLm2UTFXoZ0PxpUB1CuImB8YMLWa5NxI85MVE8LQzHJVX+JtipjfgsCdTA9/gp8iEYGi5IlRykIEHxpLGh8iDqvWZlmRPV6p/SoBZPjDw8AyT+ktcCtRTFfufN8zTIjKLypziSZDA2lEuO4QqnzUPZDDkVnDFISZDb+MnfkeVJU04NHPP4HsDaT6wvIqNgHurXk8ZQXrEJccR6MD16+NorV6KpF8ne/xwiO7ikso4hsK9i2Y72SqmCOuXeatEmXMJa878zeKh3QiG3/YoXKOMytKpEjMx+7eUqYEHD1Wjtzmy4um6XZrP2KF66CvAgWEiUu/JYDrFyeUEm7A+vgx55duY9v7E/vRahwkL4oWzHDSVW6/0Yk8Ww==[/tex]所得速率系数值基本为一常数,故反应为二级反应,速率系数[tex=12.714x2.071]ZltnLzKucWBLslPllny5NYGuZAe2ekgZ1SnYs9SWDdr3qcELE3c12+bvn8TV11XjAtUC952ZkWloTZ4tKOvgUipv8JIXcMuxt3uJmm39fXw=[/tex]（若是考试,取 3 组数字计算取平均值就足够了,但要说明,如同理可计算出其他的 速率系数值。） 其半衰期为[tex=18.429x2.643]n5TcTVrX9WpV6j0UkBdjJeYtt4qba65ZHOByn7/ASxWzAOsaD5MS1j3usStvvmJRxJ8wxNr7PKaENUREmMdn4kQOkYbHt4oKXZxneDpWm4M=[/tex]

举一反三

内容

0
298 K时，在某电导池内盛以浓度为[tex=6.071x1.214]iG2oSPk68kSIpuhvbCI01xculLXeSatDnsEna0dx5QY=[/tex]的KC!水溶液，测得电阻R为484.0[tex=0.786x1.0]GgtgXpJRsGaXCgpYisebFQ==[/tex]当盛以不同浓度的NaCl水溶液时测得数据如下：[img=670x106]17a41f6685c19aa.png[/img]已知298 K时，[tex=6.071x1.214]iG2oSPk68kSIpuhvbCI01xculLXeSatDnsEna0dx5QY=[/tex]的KC!水溶液的电导率[tex=9.5x1.5]pkqAulfHfSeCZz2ZPKWaZkmb12NomMY7f0EiCPyMkqNYBeuh1f5k7gJ/JQbOn7nE[/tex]，试求：以[tex=4.5x1.357]PQ6sOkwhqUSPCxaKd8lsZsuV8HYwKtAMdTRB7IMLf4k=[/tex]对[tex=1.357x1.357]fF8Gmj1jT2WPoKu4TDbfIA==[/tex]作图，求 NaCl的无限稀释摩尔电导率[tex=4.571x1.357]54a+CQ2txRnVoncYh9856lm3qRqlwYGzue4YNrVog/Y=[/tex]
1
在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex]时, 溶液中[tex=2.214x1.214]2H4gDmTIzGk5N7y2aiYaOA==[/tex]的浓度为 [tex=4.929x1.357]i6fYSbbbDjzE03xBECrE+w==[/tex]向此溶液中通入[tex=1.857x1.214]RsICoPjfj9D9ZEKOzAujAQ==[/tex]气体使之饱和 [tex=10.0x1.357]lyxYPfeEXDDiZLnhAlHluBNCZcAYEomT0JdE9P5akzALgA9pJ2GYCMBE+Vr3ksa3N3WZGcDYtlAfX1tULzWddA==[/tex]求 [tex=10.071x1.571]wjLHGuRYozjhAnALYAbB+2BfMdeUQrBZ3TF4KPVYZc/i2EsuYlH7rvgBk+JuZP8o[/tex] 开始沉淀和沉淀完全时，溶液的[tex=1.357x1.214]CivFLwz+h83nxauABgw/KQ==[/tex]值各是多少[tex=18.857x1.571]kb8v5q2i7FgYgsVZMXOhajI0ZIvZKle9tOesDXC+AfK05oEBsMF+riBJprXjtMmlQAHWeTjnDNBTwLDgVH50ymVjvKN+gx98qbfVGNGk70XIyvblVnQahcPP8vnt672i[/tex]
2
[tex=3.857x1.0]h0psyvAPE1iIL08Tf6U50g==[/tex]饱和[tex=2.357x1.0]Y899w27blGq+vWxfY6PYXw==[/tex]溶液质量为[tex=3.286x1.214]5/zcq7xrbr9ZBawXBzio5w==[/tex]，将其蒸干后得到 [tex=5.143x1.214]PZ6F5DQ1s3bWJqx8u6D7MA==[/tex]，求:[tex=2.357x1.0]Y899w27blGq+vWxfY6PYXw==[/tex]的质量摩尔浓度
3
在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex]时,浓度为: (1)[tex=5.214x1.429]IHa0mpPU+sZTxgcSks9FKqmIDMY/5nWS6OBAK/RLJuk=[/tex]与[tex=5.714x1.429]rSmB/Y+yav8YJ4Sus5KDnbRUp2pQvH10u8E4aqLpMdQ=[/tex] 的[tex=1.857x1.0]J5/m7wHLEvPVmioJRGa25A==[/tex]溶液的液接电势为 [tex=2.357x1.357]j+100HMdjA5J3thYx+VlSQ==[/tex] ;(2)保持浓度相同而换用[tex=1.929x1.0]lNKFM1BoeqkunF21jXMllA==[/tex]溶液,则其液接电势为[tex=2.357x1.357]FntJrLjLhZCt8tBcamUG5w==[/tex], 两者关系为未知类型：{'options': ['[tex=6.0x1.357]ThI3izOLWKFUm4qmKTJfadtRrdsnvzZEhantR+QF2RA=[/tex]', '[tex=6.0x1.357]ed+hqXvhJqUZpam9rHoRQQpqbd1vLBSbibUJfn+1DWM=[/tex]', '[tex=5.429x1.357]0KAEK4d3rmyacIw4MsNwgEt7u6Qps+Ts0xxkwx+t+98=[/tex]', '无法判定'], 'type': 102}
4
在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex]时，计算反应[tex=16.286x1.357]OoYRCgb3coBHxUcMG91qgGp2WIMznyKBCFBuwr4NZTYn7JMq7/ZlRvkXVCzWzn5Yxz60BxunIxXT16tUp4TvxA==[/tex]的标准摩尔反应焓变[tex=2.429x1.286]nwtwZHpvcE0aykU8D2g6Q2lxMe4XLso4iKPbK9SRnNI=[/tex]。已知下列反应在[tex=2.357x1.0]/NnQehdlK2QR+QNALFVBUw==[/tex]时的标准摩尔反应含变分别为：(1)[tex=18.643x2.929]0BxwPsJB0kDw6vxUsivPHLcvGzwdou0So98apx9xGpguDbA+hATi2mqGRpFtrZgT9uB4TH5StlSOHXKNj+/vJ7e6YUFCS6pz2voQjbUwxdd4QrFfgJgotl0fQPWti4HDYuOTE67ypti/nQOt1kNCMJT6da95mEKKgAN6i+XV/Q0=[/tex](2)[tex=11.286x2.929]pEOOpBHW407S+N7jBMGOYunYsRaLbzn3PWGPGsJoKehb6Me418X4kss8DFMwx4E1uuAmso4mC7AxBwGdJ27+Chh9EHhZ8EpXEnL6sI32Rs43A2w/nPF48wgIuU2Htvg6[/tex](3) [tex=11.5x3.929]JOzn+iPOQlUf2UQdqN0leAlRRMpq2NZ24HCP7Ovvkz5llYV0hCmAtaQ8wPlW+qalUg9NAYDqihe1aiYQ0/UtAcwH/DNmXtCwT4X51awQWzHCb1w8hFNQkYiJ6+v6zS9+nQ4RvFF3AJXgxZD7ge4/j5aTLx6pGTKZ7uXxeWeNyoE=[/tex]