What is type 2 diabetes? The cells in your body need insulin to change glucose, the sugar that comes from the food you eat, into energy you need to live. Without insulin, this sugar cannot get into your cells to do its work. It stays in your blood instead. Your blood sugar level then gets too high. Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance. This means that your pancreas is making enough insulin, but your cells are not able to use it. When your cells don’t get the sugar they need, your pancreas works harder at first to make more insulin. But after a while, your pancreas stops being able to make enough insulin. High blood sugar can harm many parts of the body. It can damage blood vessels and nerves throughout your body. You will have a bigger chance of getting eye, heart, blood vessel, nerve, and kidney disease. Your weight, level of physical activity, and family history affect how your body responds to insulin. People who are overweight, get little or no exercise, or have diabetes in the family are more likely to get type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is usually found in adults, which is why it used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But now more and more children and teens are getting it too. Type 2 diabetes is a disease that you will always have, but you can live a long and healthy life by learning how to manage it. How is type 2 diabetes diagnosed? Most likely you found out that you have diabetes when you saw your doctor for a regular checkup or for some other problem. Your doctor probably diagnosed type 2 diabetes by examining you, asking about your health history, and looking at the results of blood sugar tests. How is it treated? A healthy diet helps keep your blood sugar under control and helps prevent heart disease. Eating the right amount of carbohydrate at each meal is very important. Carbohydrate is found in sugar and sweets, grains, fruit, starchy vegetables and milk and yogurt. A dietitian or a certified diabetes educator can help you plan your meals. Eating right and getting more exercise are enough for some people to control their blood sugar levels. Others also need to take one or more medicines, including insulin. You may need to take other steps to prevent other problems from diabetes. These problems are called complications. People with diabetes are more likely to die from heart and blood vessel problems like heart attack and stroke. If you are 30 or older, talk to your doctor about taking a low-dose aspirin each day to help prevent these or other large blood vessel diseases. You may also need medicine for high blood pressure or high cholesterol. If you smoke, quitting may help you avoid problems with your heart and large blood vessels. (478) Adopted from NorthShore University HealthSystem (NorthShore) at: https://www. northshore.org /globalassets/diabetes/patienteducation/educationpackettypeiidiabetes.pdf f) From the first paragraph we may get to know that the sugar we take-in via food should be digested to the cells otherwise it will_________.

3.Which of the following is true according to what you have learned A: If you have type-2 diabetes, your will have little or no insulin in your blood. B: The fat would be broken down and turned into ketones and other substances. C: When glucose can’t get into your cells,it accumulates in your bloodstream causing a condition called hypoglycemia. D: Glycogen is the main energy source supplied for the brain.

Excessive alcohol can increase your blood glucose to dangerous levels.

If there is insufficient insulin circulating in your body, what kind of substance does your body rely on to provide energy A: Glucose B: Protein and fat C: Protein fibe D: Ketone body

The hormone that lower blood glucose level is A: glucocorticoid B: adrenaline C: glucagon D: insulin