The enzyme neuraminidase consists of a ring of __ identical protein subunits.
The enzyme neuraminidase consists of a ring of __ identical protein subunits.
The primary toxin associated with invasive Clostridium perfringens infection is A: neuraminidase B: alpha toxin C: hyaluronidase D: coagulase
The primary toxin associated with invasive Clostridium perfringens infection is A: neuraminidase B: alpha toxin C: hyaluronidase D: coagulase
下列关于H1N1型流感病毒描述是正确的是 A: H代表：血凝素（haemagglutinin, HA）帮助病毒吸附到宿主细胞的细胞膜上，并进一步侵入细胞,它是病毒致病的重要因素。 B: N代表：神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase, NA）促使被感染的细胞释放出新产生的病毒颗粒，是流感病毒继续扩散和繁殖必不可少的。 C: H和N都是病毒糖蛋白 D: H，N后面的数字代表蛋白的不同亚型
下列关于H1N1型流感病毒描述是正确的是 A: H代表：血凝素（haemagglutinin, HA）帮助病毒吸附到宿主细胞的细胞膜上，并进一步侵入细胞,它是病毒致病的重要因素。 B: N代表：神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase, NA）促使被感染的细胞释放出新产生的病毒颗粒，是流感病毒继续扩散和繁殖必不可少的。 C: H和N都是病毒糖蛋白 D: H，N后面的数字代表蛋白的不同亚型
The flu is a highly (1) respiratory illness. It turns up year after year with devastating consequences, all caused by a most elusive virus. The influenza, or flu virus, is a recurring nightmare. It causes more than 36,000 deaths in the U.S each year, and was responsible for some of history’s deadliest pandemics. Like other viruses, the flu virus is a parasite. The viral agent itself called, a virion, is made of ribonucleic acid or RNA surrounded by proteins. The flu virus uses two proteins to attack its host, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase or the HA and NA proteins. The HA protein attaches a virus to a cell and lets it in. Once the virus is inside, it multiplies. Then the NA protein cuts this (2) swarm loose, sending it off to infect more cells. This triggers the immune system to bombard the swarm and to destroy infected tissue throughout the respiratory system. Unfortunately, this response can also inadvertently lead to death through organ failure or secondary infections like (3) pneumonia. The flu virus has been nearly impossible to eradicate, largely due to its uncanny ability to mutate. Since just 2004, more than 5,000 different strains of the influenza virus have been sequenced. Those that affect humans are categorized as Types A, B or C, with Type A strains being the most capable of unleashing a pandemic. Influenza A viruses mutate more rapidly, allowing them to adapt to new hosts and even cross species. Avian flu and Swine flu, for instance, are two strains of Type A viruses that through mutations, can be transmitted from birds and pigs to humans. One of the deadliest flu (4) was caused by one such virus. Between 1918 and 1919, the Spanish flu infected a third of the global population and killed up to 50 million people worldwide. Called H1N1, this particular strain of virus likely came from birds. The threat of another influenza pandemic remains. In the meantime, scientists are constantly monitoring the flu virus and developing seasonal (5) to create our best line of defense.
The flu is a highly (1) respiratory illness. It turns up year after year with devastating consequences, all caused by a most elusive virus. The influenza, or flu virus, is a recurring nightmare. It causes more than 36,000 deaths in the U.S each year, and was responsible for some of history’s deadliest pandemics. Like other viruses, the flu virus is a parasite. The viral agent itself called, a virion, is made of ribonucleic acid or RNA surrounded by proteins. The flu virus uses two proteins to attack its host, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase or the HA and NA proteins. The HA protein attaches a virus to a cell and lets it in. Once the virus is inside, it multiplies. Then the NA protein cuts this (2) swarm loose, sending it off to infect more cells. This triggers the immune system to bombard the swarm and to destroy infected tissue throughout the respiratory system. Unfortunately, this response can also inadvertently lead to death through organ failure or secondary infections like (3) pneumonia. The flu virus has been nearly impossible to eradicate, largely due to its uncanny ability to mutate. Since just 2004, more than 5,000 different strains of the influenza virus have been sequenced. Those that affect humans are categorized as Types A, B or C, with Type A strains being the most capable of unleashing a pandemic. Influenza A viruses mutate more rapidly, allowing them to adapt to new hosts and even cross species. Avian flu and Swine flu, for instance, are two strains of Type A viruses that through mutations, can be transmitted from birds and pigs to humans. One of the deadliest flu (4) was caused by one such virus. Between 1918 and 1919, the Spanish flu infected a third of the global population and killed up to 50 million people worldwide. Called H1N1, this particular strain of virus likely came from birds. The threat of another influenza pandemic remains. In the meantime, scientists are constantly monitoring the flu virus and developing seasonal (5) to create our best line of defense.