Passage4AU.S.malebroughtupontheEastCoastofAmericastandseighttotwentyinchesawayfromanothermalewheninconversation.Intalkingtoawomanhewillincreasethedistancebyaboutfourinches.Tostandatadistanceofaboutthirteeninchesusuallyhasasexualoraggressiveconnotation.However,inmostpartsofLatinAmericathirteeninchesisjusttherightdistancewhentalkingwithaperson.WhenamanbroughtupinaLatinAmericanenvironmenttriestotalktoamanbroughtupontheEastCoastoftheUnitedStatesaninterestingthinghappens.TheLatinwilltrytomaintainwhatheconsiderstherighttalkingdistance.TheAmericanwillstepback.Bothwillfeeluncomfortablewithoutquiteunderstandingwhy.Alltheyknowisthatthereissomethingwrongwiththeotherone.Mostculture-blindLatinsfeelthattheAmericansarewithdrawnanduncommunicative.Mostculture-blindAmericansthinkthatLatinsarepushy.InmostAmericanurbanareas,tobetwominuteslateforanappointmentisallright.Threeminutesissignificant,butanapologyisnotexpected.Afterfiveminutesthelatercomermuttersanapology.InmostLatincountriesafive-minuteunitisnotimportant,anapologyisexpectedonlyforatimeunitlongerthantwentyminutes.Latins,influencedbytheirownculturalconditioning,feelthatAmericansarenotpoliteandareobsessedwithtimebecausetheyexpectpersonswithwhomtheyhaveappointmentstobeatacertainplaceatpreciselyagiventime.ApersonunfamiliarwithNorthAmericanculturalconditioninghasdifficultyrealizingthatAmericanshandletimemuchlikesometangiblematerial–spendingit,takingit,usingituporwastingit.Differentpeoplelivealmostliterallyindifferentworlds,notjustthesameworldwithdifferentnamesattached.Thebarriersbetweencultureswouldperhapsberelativelyunimportantifonlyafewpeoplewerecrossinginternationalborders.Butpeopletheworldoverareonthemovetodayasneverbefore,travelingforbusinessandmoreforseeingandexperiencingotherwaysoflife.Allthishasitsobviousbenefits.Atthesametime,however,therearesomedangers,particularlyforapersonwhoplanstospendanyappreciableamountoftimeinanotherculture.Oneofthesedangersisthesenseofconfusionandmisunderstandingthatsocialpsychologistscallcultureshock.Apersonwhoentersaforeigncultureordinarilypassesthroughthreephasesofadjustment.First,heisaspectator;heobserveswhatisgoingonaroundhimbutdoesnotparticipate.Second,hebecomepersonallyinvolvedinthewaysoftheforeigncultureandtriestocometotermswiththem.Finally,eitherhewillhavemasteredthenewsituationandwillgetalongsmoothlyinthenewcultureorhewillrealizethathisowncultureistheonlyworkableoneforhim.Inthefirstphase,thatofspectator,theinitialreactiontoanewcountryislikelytobeoneofcuriosityanddelight.Everythinglooksinteresting.However,afewweeks’timechangeone’sperceptionoftheenvironment.Livinginacountryisquitedifferentfromjustvisitingit.Asthepersonbeginstomoveintothesecondandmostdifficultphase,thatofparticipationandpersonalinvolvementintheunfamiliarculture,hebecomesawareofthedifferencesthatexistbetweenhimselfandthepeoplewithwhomheisliving.Thesituationswhich,inhisfirstphaseasspectator,wereinterestingarenowincomprehensibleandperhapsevenunpleasant.Hefeelsthathecan’tgetthroughtothemandhebecomesuneasyandinsecurebecausehedoesn’tknowtherightwayofdoingthings.Cultureshockisprecipitatedbythedistressingfeelingsofuncertaintyandanxietythatresultfromnotfindingallthefamiliarsymbols,signs,andcuesthatguideapersonthroughherownculture.Shefindsherselfhavingtouseadifferentdesignforliving.Shedoesn’tknowwhatpeopleexpectofherandwhatsheshouldexpect.Sheisnotsurewhentoshakehands,howmuchtotip,wheretobuythingssheneeds,orwhattosaytowaiters,andshefindsthatthesocialetiquetteshehaslearnedisnolongeruseful.Cultureshockisoftenaccompaniedbyalinguisticshockthatmakesitevenmoredifficulttocrosstheculturalbarriers.WhenIwassufferinglinguisticshock,Englishsentencewouldsoundtomelikealong,unpronounceablestringofharshnoises.AtthattimeIdeeplyregrettedthatIhadchosentolearnEnglishinsteadofsomesensiblelanguage.Icouldn’tseewhytheEnglishpeoplehadtousetheseodd,barbaricutterancesinsteadofspeakingwithnormalhumanwordslikeeveryoneelse.IsometimeshadthefeelingthatAmericansspokeEnglishinordertoconfuseunsuspectingforeigners.96.
Thestatement“theLatinwilltrytomaintainwhatheconsiderstherighttalkingdistance”impliesthattheLatinwill_____.
Thestatement“theLatinwilltrytomaintainwhatheconsiderstherighttalkingdistance”impliesthattheLatinwill_____.
举一反三
- 对任意随机事件A与B，有（）。 A: P（AU B: ≥P C: +P D: E: P（AU F: ≤P G: +P H: I: P（A J: ≥P K: +P L: M: P（A N: ≤P O: +P P:
- 令A=(P 1 P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6),其中P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5为单位列向量,则( )一定是一个基。 A: P 1 P 2 P 3 P 4 B: P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 C: P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6 D: P 2 P 3 P 4 P 6
- 下面不属于Java中的位操作符的是：<br /> （1） ~ <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（2） &</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（3） ^</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（4） <<</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（5） >></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（6） &&</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（7） ||</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（8） |</p> <p></p> <p></p> <p>（9） >>></p> <p></p>
- 九、判定下列推理形式是否为有效推理形式：</p><p>( p → q )</p><p>( q → r )</p><p>( r → s )</p><p>——————————</p><p>（（¬ s）→（ ¬ p））</p>
- 1） ~</p></p><p><p>（2） &</p></p><p><p>（3） ^</p></p><p><p>（4） <<</p></p><p><p>（5） >></p></p><p><p>（6） &&</p></p><p><p>（7） ||</p></p><p><p>（8） |</p></p><p><p>（9） >>></p></p> 12. 下面不属于Java中的位操作符的是：