I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others.

I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, and indifference to the needs of others.

I. Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese. （4*5=20 points） 46. The kitchen garden was full to overflowing with fresh vegetables. 47. A sheep might easily stumble over a cliff or fall into a ravine. 48. We were able to convince the students of the need for wider reading. 49. The view of the government does not diverge that far from Peter’s thinking. 50. If you have never held a driving license before, you should apply for a provisional license.

lengthier locals registration lured sipping arrays panic overflowing paved dairy 1) It is a common sense that marriage without is not recognized by law. 2) Some migrant workers are to Singapore by agents but then find there are no jobs for them. 3) Although my bookcase is full and my drawers are , I still have a million boxes of stuff all over the floor. 4) This journey became and more dramatic than she thought at the start, and it finally took her a year away from her work. 5) Parks play a big role in making a city desirable for both and visitors. 6) In the eyes of some African children, America has roads in gold and everybody lives in Hollywood. 7) We visited the local markets and saw wonderful of fruit and vegetables. 8) The school-age kids don't about losing their jobs, but they have their own anxieties, such as being unpopular or having bad grades. 9) This is a healthy diet with more vegetables and fruits but less meat, , and processed food. 10) Since a beverage helps moisten and wash down food, eating encourages us to drink more liquid.

Joy：A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A)When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once：feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as asatire(讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B)If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you’ll hear a lot of the following words：“ standards,”“results,”“skills,”“self-control,”“accountability,”and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly “effective” schools,where children shout slogans in order to learnself- control or must stand behind their desk when they can’tsit still.C)A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they arenotthinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D)I’m a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. SoI’ve watched a lot ofchildren—talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young. Here’s what I’ve come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills. It’s their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child’s ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E)A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice,his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped,crouching(蹲伏)down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out,“Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bug I’ve ever seen. It has, like, a million legs. Look at this. It’s amazing.”He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight. “ Can’t we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs. This is the coolest ever. ”F)The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth—something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities,like perseverance(坚持不懈）,obligation,and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures,conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub,and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy：making art, making friends, making decisions.G)Building on a child’s ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn’t be that hard. It would just require a shift in the education world’smindset（思维模式）. Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.H)Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again. The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.I)Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured bytheir administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn’tchat in the classroom because it hinders hard work；instead, they should learnto delaygratification(快乐）so that they can pursue abstract goals,like going tocollege.J)Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally. Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can’tforce the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning—to see school as a source of joy.K)Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant,but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?L)Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult a child’s life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. “Pleasure” is not a dirty word. And it doesn’t run counter to the goals of public education. It is,in fact, the precondition.1.It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.2.What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.3.Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.4.It is human nature to seek joy in life.5.Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.6.Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.7.Adults do not consider children’sfeelings when it comes to education.8.Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.9.In the so-called“effective”schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.10.To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.