中国大学MOOC: Phospholipids with short or unsaturated fatty acyl chains

Some athletes believe that dietary carnitine supplements will enhance their ability to perform aerobic exercise. Which statement BEST describes the “scientific” basis of this belief? A: Carnitine is required in the transport of medium and long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix, and so increasing the amount of carnitine will increase the rate of transport. B: Carnitine activates carnitine-acyl transferase-1 (CAT-I) thereby increasing the rate of transport of fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix. C: Carnitine levels in the cytoplasm are reduced when large amounts of fatty acyl carnitine are transported into the mitochondrial matrix. D: Carnitine enhances the activation of fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA, thereby increasing the rate of their transport into the mitochondrial matrix.

Place the following steps in lipid oxidation in their proper sequence. (Note: this is not a complete list of steps）(a) Thiolysis (b) Reaction of fatty acyl-CoA with carnitine (c) Oxidation requiring NAD+ (d) Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol by lipase (脂酶) (e) Activation of fatty acid by joining to CoA (f) Hydration A: (d)→(e)→(b)→(f)→(c)→(a) B: (c)→(f)→(c)→(d)→(a)→(b) C: (e)→(b)→(c)→(f)→(a)→(d) D: (f)→(c)→(b)→(e)→(a)→(d)

丙酮酸氧化脱羧生成的物质是 A: 丙酰CoA B: 乙酰CoA C: 羟基戊二酰CoA D: 乙酰乙酰CoA E: 琥珀酰CoA

含奇数碳原子的脂肪酸链经过β-氧化的产物是______。 A: 丙酰CoA B: 乙酰CoA C: 乙酰CoA和丙二酸单酰CoA D: 乙酰CoA和丙酰CoA

丙酮酸氧化脱羧生成的物质是( ) A: 丙酰CoA B: 乙酰CoA C: 乙酰乙酰CoA D: 琥珀酰CoA

能产生乙酰CoA的物质是：①乙酰乙酰CoA②脂酰CoA③β-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰CoA④柠檬酸

乙酰CoA羧化酶的变构激活剂是______。 A: 棕榈酰CoA B: 硬脂酰CoA C: 长链脂酰CoA D: 柠檬酸

[单选题]合成胆固醇的直接原料是. A: 乙酰CoA B: 乙酰乙酰CoA C: 脂肪酰CoA D: 丙二酸单酰CoA E: 脂酰CoA

52.合成酮体和胆固醇均需要 A: HMG CoA合酶 B: HMG CoA还原酶 C: HMG CoA裂解酶 D: 乙酰CoA