Theauthor’scoatwasnotrightbecause__.

Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecommunicationsrevolutionis__________.

“Introduction”inanacademicpaperonliteratureistointroduce______. A: theauthor B: thework C: thebackground D: theargument

Theauthor’sattitudetowards“Diasporas”isthat______. A: Thereisincreasinghostilitytowardsimmigrantsinrichcountries. B: Immigrantnetworksareararebrightsparkintheworldeconomyandrichcountriesshouldwelcomethem. C: TheDiasporasshouldreturntotheirhomelandssothatpoorcountrieswillnotsufferasaresultof“braindrain”. D: Hard-workingimmigrantswilldepressthewagesofthelocalsalthoughtheymaygreatlyincreaseproductivity.

Passage3Decidewhichsentencewouldbestcompletethepassagelogicallyifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.CriticalReadingCriticalreadingappliestonon-fictionwritinginwhichtheauthorputsforthapositionorseekstomakeastatement.Criticalreadingisactivereading.Itinvolvesmorethanjustunderstandingwhatanauthorissaying.__1__Herearethethingsyoushoulddotobeacriticalreader.Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten.Youmayhereadingsomethingthatwaswrittenbyanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontextthanyours.Or,youmayhereadingsomethingwrittensometimeagoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.__2_Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor.Don’tacceptwhatiswrittenatfacevalue.__3__Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport,alsolooktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedtheworkofauthorities.Comparewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject.Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.__4__Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor.Assumptionsarewhatevertheauthormustbelieveistrueinordertomakeassertions.Inmanycases,theauthor’sassumptionsarenotdirectlystated.__5__onceyouidentifyanassumption,youmustdecidewhetherornottheassumptionisvalid.__6__.Indoingthis,becertainthatthesourcesarecredible.Forexample,Einsteinisacrediblesourceiftheauthoriswritingaboutlandmarkachievementsinphysics.Alsobecertainthatthesourcesarerelevant.Einsteinisnotarelevantsourcewhenthesubjectispoetry.Finally,iftheauthoriswritingaboutasubjectinitscurrentstate,besurethatthesourcesarecurrent.Forexample,studiesdonebyEinsteinintheearly20thcenturymaynotbeappropriateifthewriterisdiscussingthecurrentstateofknowledgeinphysics.Identifyanypossibleauthorbias.AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswilllikelylookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflectabiasedposition.Youneedtotakethispossiblebiasintoaccountwhenreadingwhattheauthorhaswritten.Thatis,takewhatiswrittenwith"agrainofsalt."A.Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyanyasassumptions.B.Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade.C.Criticalreadinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyourownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying.D.Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.E.Ifthereareinconsistencies,carefullyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesfortheinconsistencies.F.Evaluatethesourcestheauthoruses.

Controversyabouttherelationshipoflanguageandculture(Paras.1-7)1)Charlemagnebelievesthat_____①__________________________________.(Para.6)2)Chomskybelievesthat____②______________________________.(Para.6)Differentwaysinwhichlanguageinfluencesourthoughts(Paras.8-18)1)___③_______________________________________________________.(Paras.8-11)2)Languageshapeshowweexpresstime.(Paras.12-13)3)___④______________________________________________________.(Paras.14-16)4)___⑤_____________________________________________________.(Paras.17-18)Theauthor’sopiniontowardstherelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture.(Paras.19-21)________⑥______________________________________________________________.

GrowingUpColored[A]Youwouldn'tknowPiedmontanymore—myPiedmont,Imean—thetowninWestVirginiawhereIlearnedtobeacoloredboy.[B]The1950sinPiedmontwasatimetoremember,oratleasttome.PeoplewerealwaysproudtobefromPiedmont—lyingatthefootofamountain,onthebanksofthemightyPotomac.WeknewGodgaveAmericanomorebeautifullocation.Ineverknewcoloredpeopleanywherewhowerecrazieraboutmountainsandwater,flowersandtrees,fishingandhunting.Foraslongasanyonecouldremember,wecouldouthunt,outshoot,andoutswimthewhiteboysinthevalley.[C]ThesocialstructureofPiedmontwassomethingweknewlikethebackofourhands.Itwasanimmigranttown;whitePiedmontwasItalianandIrish,withahandfulofwealthyWASPs(盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒)onEastHampshireStreet,and"ethnic"neighborhoodsofworking-classpeopleeverywhereelse,coloredandwhite.[D]Foraslongasanyonecanremember,Piedmont'scharacterhasbeencompletelyboundupwiththeWestvacopapermill:itsprosperouspastanddoubtfulfuture.Atfirstglance,thetownisatypicaldyingmillcenter.Manyoncebeautifulbuildingsstandempty,evidencingabygonetimeofspiritandpride.ThebighousesonEastHampshireStreetarenolongerproud,astheywerewhenI[E]LiketheItaliansandtheIrish,mostofthecoloredpeoplemigratedtoPiedmontattheturnofthe20thcenturytoworkatthepapermill,whichopenedin1888.Allthecoloredmenatthepapermillworkedon"theplatform"—loadingpaperintotrucksuntilthecraftunionswerefinallyintegratedin1968.LoadingiswhatDaddydideveryworkingdayofhislife.That'swhatalmosteverycoloredgrown-upIknewdid.[F]Coloredpeoplelivedinthreeneighborhoodsthatwereclearlyseparated.WelcometotheColoredZone,alargestretchedbannercouldhavesaid.Anditfeltgoodinthere,likewalkingaroundyourhouseinbarefeetandunderwear,orsnoringrightoutloudonthecouchinfrontoftheTV—envelopedbythecomfortsofhome,thewarmthofthoseyoulove.[G]Ofcourse,thecoloredworldwasnotsomuchaneighborhoodasaconditionofexistence.Andthoughourownworldwasseeminglyself-contained,itimpactedonthewhiteworldofPiedmontinalmosteverydirection.Certainly,thebordersofourworldseemedtobeimpactedonwhensomewhitemanorwomanshowedupwhereheorshedidnotbelong,suchasattheblackLegionHall.Ourspacewasviolatedwhenoneofthemshowedupatadanceoraparty.Therhythmswouldbeoff.Themusicwouldsoundnotquiteright:attemptstopatthebeatoffjustso.Everybodywouldleaveearly.[H]Before1955,mostwhitepeoplewerejustshadowypresencesinourworld,vaguefiguresofpowerlikeremotebossesatthemillortellersatthebank.Therewereexceptions,ofcourse,thewhitepeoplewhowouldcomeintoourworldinritualized,everydaywaysweallunderstood.Mr.MailMan,Mr.InsuranceMan,Mr.White-and-ChocolateMilkMan,Mr.LandlordMan,Mr.PoliceMan:wecalledwhitepeoplebytheirtrade,likecharactersinamysteryplay.Mr.InsuranceManwouldcomebyeveryotherweektocollectpremiumsoncollegeordeathpolicies,sometimes50centsorless.[I]"It'snodisgracetobecolored,"theblackentertainerBertWilliamsfamouslyobservedearlyinthecentury,"butitisawfullyinconvenient."Formostofmychildhood,wecouldn'tcatinrestaurantsorsleepinhotels,wecouldn'tusecertainbathroomsortryonclothesinstores.Mamainsistedthatwedressupwhenwewenttoshop.Shewascarefullydressedwhenshewenttoclothingstores,andworewhitepadscalledshieldsunderherarmssoherdressorblousewouldshownosweat."We'dliketotrythison,"she'dsaycarefully,utteringherwordspreciselyandproperly."Wedon'tbuyclotheswecan'ttryon,"she'dsaywhentheydeclined,andwe'dwalkoutinMama'sdignified(有尊严的)manner.Shepreferredtoshopwherewehadanaccountandwhereeveryoneknewwhoshewas.[J]AttheCut-RateDrugStore,noonecoloredwasallowedtositdownatthecounterortables,withoneexception:myfather.Idon'tknowforcertainwhyCarlDadisman,theowner,wouldn'tstopDaddyfromsittingdown.ButIbelieveitwasinpartbecauseDaddywassolight-colored,andinpartbecause,duringhisshiftatthephonecompany,hepickedupordersforfoodandcoffeefortheoperators.Coloredpeopleweresupposedtostandatthecounter,gettheirfoodtogo,andleave.EvenwhenYoungDocBesswouldsetupthebasketballteamwithfreeCokesafteroneofmanyvictories,thecoloredplayershadtostandaroundanddrinkoutofpapercupswhilethewhiteplayersandcheerleaderssatdownincomfortablechairsanddrankoutofglasses.[K]Icouldn'thavebeenmucholderthanfiveorsixasIsatwithmyfatherattheCut-Rateoneafternoon,enjoyingtwoscoopsofcaramelicecream.Mr.Wilson,astony-faced,broodingIrishman,walkedby."Hello,Mr.Wilson,"myfathersaid."Hello,George."[L]Iwasgenuinelypuzzled.Mr.Wilsonmusthaveconfusedmyfatherwithsomebodyelse,butwho?Thereweren'tanyGeorgesamongthecoloredpeopleinPiedmont."Whydon'tyoutellhimyourname,Daddy?"Iaskedloudly."Yournameisn'tGeorge.""Heknowsmyname,boy,"myfathersaidafteralongpause."HecallsallcoloredpeopleGeorge."[M]Iknewwewouldn'ttalkaboutitagain;evenatthatage,1wasgiventounderstandthatthereweresomesubjectsitdidn'tdotoworrytodeathabout.NowthatIhavechildren,Irealizethatwhatdistressedmyfatherwasn'tsomuchtheMr.Wilsonsoftheworldasthepainfulobligationtoexplaintheracialfactsoflifetosomeonewhohadn'tquitelearnedthemyet.MaybeMr.Wilsoncouldn'thurtmyfatherbycallinghimGeorge;butIhurthimbyaskingtoknowwhy.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Theauthorfeltasaboythathislifeinaseparatedneighborhoodwascasualandcozy.47.Thereiseverysignofdeclineatthepapermillnow.48.Onereasontheauthor'sfathercouldsitandeatatthedrugstorewasthathedidn'tlookthatdark.49.Piedmontwasatownofimmigrantsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.50.Inspiteoftheawfulinconveniencescausedbyracialprejudice,theauthor'sfamilymanagedtolivealifeofdignity.51.Theauthorlaterrealizedhehadcausedgreatdistresstohisfatherbyaskingwhyhewaswronglyaddressed.52.TheauthortookprideinbeingfromPiedmontbecauseofitsnaturalbeauty.53.Coloredpeoplecalledwhitepeoplebythebusinesstheydid.54.ColoredpeoplewholivedinPiedmontdidheavymanualjobsatthepapermill.55.Thecoloredpeoplefeltuneasyatthepresenceofthewhitesintheirneighborhood.

GrowingUpColored[A]Youwouldn'tknowPiedmontanymore—myPiedmont,Imean—thetowninWestVirginiawhereIlearnedtobeacoloredboy.[B]The1950sinPiedmontwasatimetoremember,oratleasttome.PeoplewerealwaysproudtobefromPiedmont—lyingatthefootofamountain,onthebanksofthemightyPotomac.WeknewGodgaveAmericanomorebeautifullocation.Ineverknewcoloredpeopleanywherewhowerecrazieraboutmountainsandwater,flowersandtrees,fishingandhunting.Foraslongasanyonecouldremember,wecouldouthunt,outshoot,andoutswimthewhiteboysinthevalley.[C]ThesocialstructureofPiedmontwassomethingweknewlikethebackofourhands.Itwasanimmigranttown;whitePiedmontwasItalianandIrish,withahandfulofwealthyWASPs(盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒)onEastHampshireStreet,and'ethnic'neighborhoodsofworking-classpeopleeverywhereelse,coloredandwhite.[D]Foraslongasanyonecanremember,Piedmont'scharacterhasbeencompletelyboundupwiththeWestvacopapermill:itsprosperouspastanddoubtfulfuture.Atfirstglance,thetownisatypicaldyingmillcenter.Manyoncebeautifulbuildingsstandempty,evidencingabygonetimeofspiritandpride.ThebighousesonEastHampshireStreetarenolongerproud,astheywerewhenI[E]LiketheItaliansandtheIrish,mostofthecoloredpeoplemigratedtoPiedmontattheturnofthe20thcenturytoworkatthepapermill,whichopenedin1888.Allthecoloredmenatthepapermillworkedon'theplatform'—loadingpaperintotrucksuntilthecraftunionswerefinallyintegratedin1968.LoadingiswhatDaddydideveryworkingdayofhislife.That'swhatalmosteverycoloredgrown-upIknewdid.[F]Coloredpeoplelivedinthreeneighborhoodsthatwereclearlyseparated.WelcometotheColoredZone,alargestretchedbannercouldhavesaid.Anditfeltgoodinthere,likewalkingaroundyourhouseinbarefeetandunderwear,orsnoringrightoutloudonthecouchinfrontoftheTV—envelopedbythecomfortsofhome,thewarmthofthoseyoulove.[G]Ofcourse,thecoloredworldwasnotsomuchaneighborhoodasaconditionofexistence.Andthoughourownworldwasseeminglyself-contained,itimpactedonthewhiteworldofPiedmontinalmosteverydirection.Certainly,thebordersofourworldseemedtobeimpactedonwhensomewhitemanorwomanshowedupwhereheorshedidnotbelong,suchasattheblackLegionHall.Ourspacewasviolatedwhenoneofthemshowedupatadanceoraparty.Therhythmswouldbeoff.Themusicwouldsoundnotquiteright:attemptstopatthebeatoffjustso.Everybodywouldleaveearly.[H]Before1955,mostwhitepeoplewerejustshadowypresencesinourworld,vaguefiguresofpowerlikeremotebossesatthemillortellersatthebank.Therewereexceptions,ofcourse,thewhitepeoplewhowouldcomeintoourworldinritualized,everydaywaysweallunderstood.Mr.MailMan,Mr.InsuranceMan,Mr.White-and-ChocolateMilkMan,Mr.LandlordMan,Mr.PoliceMan:wecalledwhitepeoplebytheirtrade,likecharactersinamysteryplay.Mr.InsuranceManwouldcomebyeveryotherweektocollectpremiumsoncollegeordeathpolicies,sometimes50centsorless.[I]'It'snodisgracetobecolored,'theblackentertainerBertWilliamsfamouslyobservedearlyinthecentury,'butitisawfullyinconvenient.'Formostofmychildhood,wecouldn'tcatinrestaurantsorsleepinhotels,wecouldn'tusecertainbathroomsortryonclothesinstores.Mamainsistedthatwedressupwhenwewenttoshop.Shewascarefullydressedwhenshewenttoclothingstores,andworewhitepadscalledshieldsunderherarmssoherdressorblousewouldshownosweat.'We'dliketotrythison,'she'dsaycarefully,utteringherwordspreciselyandproperly.'Wedon'tbuyclotheswecan'ttryon,'she'dsaywhentheydeclined,andwe'dwalkoutinMama'sdignified(有尊严的)manner.Shepreferredtoshopwherewehadanaccountandwhereeveryoneknewwhoshewas.[J]AttheCut-RateDrugStore,noonecoloredwasallowedtositdownatthecounterortables,withoneexception:myfather.Idon'tknowforcertainwhyCarlDadisman,theowner,wouldn'tstopDaddyfromsittingdown.ButIbelieveitwasinpartbecauseDaddywassolight-colored,andinpartbecause,duringhisshiftatthephonecompany,hepickedupordersforfoodandcoffeefortheoperators.Coloredpeopleweresupposedtostandatthecounter,gettheirfoodtogo,andleave.EvenwhenYoungDocBesswouldsetupthebasketballteamwithfreeCokesafteroneofmanyvictories,thecoloredplayershadtostandaroundanddrinkoutofpapercupswhilethewhiteplayersandcheerleaderssatdownincomfortablechairsanddrankoutofglasses.[K]Icouldn'thavebeenmucholderthanfiveorsixasIsatwithmyfatherattheCut-Rateoneafternoon,enjoyingtwoscoopsofcaramelicecream.Mr.Wilson,astony-faced,broodingIrishman,walkedby.'Hello,Mr.Wilson,'myfathersaid.'Hello,George.'[L]Iwasgenuinelypuzzled.Mr.Wilsonmusthaveconfusedmyfatherwithsomebodyelse,butwho?Thereweren'tanyGeorgesamongthecoloredpeopleinPiedmont.'Whydon'tyoutellhimyourname,Daddy?'Iaskedloudly.'Yournameisn'tGeorge.''Heknowsmyname,boy,'myfathersaidafteralongpause.'HecallsallcoloredpeopleGeorge.'[M]Iknewwewouldn'ttalkaboutitagain;evenatthatage,1wasgiventounderstandthatthereweresomesubjectsitdidn'tdotoworrytodeathabout.NowthatIhavechildren,Irealizethatwhatdistressedmyfatherwasn'tsomuchtheMr.Wilsonsoftheworldasthepainfulobligationtoexplaintheracialfactsoflifetosomeonewhohadn'tquitelearnedthemyet.MaybeMr.Wilsoncouldn'thurtmyfatherbycallinghimGeorge;butIhurthimbyaskingtoknowwhy.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Theauthorfeltasaboythathislifeinaseparatedneighborhoodwascasualandcozy.47.Thereiseverysignofdeclineatthepapermillnow.48.Onereasontheauthor'sfathercouldsitandeatatthedrugstorewasthathedidn'tlookthatdark.49.Piedmontwasatownofimmigrantsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.50.Inspiteoftheawfulinconveniencescausedbyracialprejudice,theauthor'sfamilymanagedtolivealifeofdignity.51.Theauthorlaterrealizedhehadcausedgreatdistresstohisfatherbyaskingwhyhewaswronglyaddressed.52.TheauthortookprideinbeingfromPiedmontbecauseofitsnaturalbeauty.53.Coloredpeoplecalledwhitepeoplebythebusinesstheydid.54.ColoredpeoplewholivedinPiedmontdidheavymanualjobsatthepapermill.55.Thecoloredpeoplefeltuneasyatthepresenceofthewhitesintheirneighborhood.