Which of the following plays a key role in one's learning and memory? A: The kidneys. B: The adrenal hormone. C: The stress hormone. D: The hippocampus.
Which of the following plays a key role in one's learning and memory? A: The kidneys. B: The adrenal hormone. C: The stress hormone. D: The hippocampus.
Where is the activity center for negative emotions? A: in the amygdala B: in the hippocampus C: in the left prefrontal cortex D: in the right prefrontal cortex
Where is the activity center for negative emotions? A: in the amygdala B: in the hippocampus C: in the left prefrontal cortex D: in the right prefrontal cortex
The part in the brain that plays a role both in sleep and memory is: A: The cortex B: The thalamus C: The hypothalamus D: The hippocampus E: The brain stem
The part in the brain that plays a role both in sleep and memory is: A: The cortex B: The thalamus C: The hypothalamus D: The hippocampus E: The brain stem
plays an important role in the formation of long-term memory, particularly of places, and is thus required for learning. A: white matter B: hippocampus 海马体 C: amygdala 杏仁核 D: ventral root
plays an important role in the formation of long-term memory, particularly of places, and is thus required for learning. A: white matter B: hippocampus 海马体 C: amygdala 杏仁核 D: ventral root
When systemic diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders have not been developed in the past, surgeons often use the resection of ( ) to treat patients with mental disorders A: temporal lobe B: corpus callosum C: frontal lobe D: hippocampus
When systemic diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders have not been developed in the past, surgeons often use the resection of ( ) to treat patients with mental disorders A: temporal lobe B: corpus callosum C: frontal lobe D: hippocampus
(multiple choices)Which of the following claims about the function of our brain is correct? A: Hippocampus is the main region responsible for our memory system. B: Amygdala enables our memory system. C: Our cerebellum is related to controlling voluntary movement. D: Pons controls our heartbeat and breathing.
(multiple choices)Which of the following claims about the function of our brain is correct? A: Hippocampus is the main region responsible for our memory system. B: Amygdala enables our memory system. C: Our cerebellum is related to controlling voluntary movement. D: Pons controls our heartbeat and breathing.
Multiple-Choice Question<br/>Why does exercise promote creativity? (you may pick more than one)<br/>爲什麽運動可以促進創意？（可以多選） A: Exercise stimulates the growth of brain cells in the hippocampus. 運動促進海馬區腦細胞生長。 B: Exercise enlarges the size of one's hippocampus. 運動促使海馬區變大。 C: One will have better memory after exercise. 運動後記憶力會提高。 D: Fewer brain cells survive after exercise. 運動後更少的腦細胞會存活下來。
Multiple-Choice Question<br/>Why does exercise promote creativity? (you may pick more than one)<br/>爲什麽運動可以促進創意？（可以多選） A: Exercise stimulates the growth of brain cells in the hippocampus. 運動促進海馬區腦細胞生長。 B: Exercise enlarges the size of one's hippocampus. 運動促使海馬區變大。 C: One will have better memory after exercise. 運動後記憶力會提高。 D: Fewer brain cells survive after exercise. 運動後更少的腦細胞會存活下來。
High Stress May Damage Memory According to a report issued in May 1998, elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol don’t score as well on memory tests as their peers with lower levels of the stress hormone. What’s more, high levels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus, a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory. The finding suggests that even cortisol levels in the normal, “healthy” range can actually accelerate brain aging. The study results “now pride substantial evidence that long-term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans,” write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial. When people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork, the stress appears. Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys. Over a 5 to 6-year period, Dr. Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24-hour cortisol levels in 51 healthy volunteers, most of whom were in their 70s. Despite wide variation in cortisol levels, the participants could be divided into three subgroups: those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high (increasing/high); those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate (increasing/moderate); and subjects whose cortisol decreased, but was currently moderate (decreasing/moderate). The researchers tested the volunteers’ memory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group. The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory, but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group. The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14% lower than those in the decreasing/moderate group, although there were no differences in other brain regions. The results suggest that “… brain again can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging,” write Porter and Landfield. “This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus.”
High Stress May Damage Memory According to a report issued in May 1998, elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol don’t score as well on memory tests as their peers with lower levels of the stress hormone. What’s more, high levels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus, a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory. The finding suggests that even cortisol levels in the normal, “healthy” range can actually accelerate brain aging. The study results “now pride substantial evidence that long-term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans,” write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial. When people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork, the stress appears. Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands, which sit on top of the kidneys. Over a 5 to 6-year period, Dr. Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24-hour cortisol levels in 51 healthy volunteers, most of whom were in their 70s. Despite wide variation in cortisol levels, the participants could be divided into three subgroups: those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high (increasing/high); those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate (increasing/moderate); and subjects whose cortisol decreased, but was currently moderate (decreasing/moderate). The researchers tested the volunteers’ memory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group. The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory, but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group. The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14% lower than those in the decreasing/moderate group, although there were no differences in other brain regions. The results suggest that “… brain again can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging,” write Porter and Landfield. “This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus.”