Food shortages in the capital have led to...................(frustrate)shoppers smashing store windows.

They sat in silence, _______ their brains for an answer to the problem. A: crushing B: smashing C: cracking D: racking

He led all the way to the finish line,____ the record. A: busting B: breaking C: smashing D: smacking

Then, police began to call at the apartments in the neighborhood, investigating car- smashing, shop-lifting, and other incidents. A: coincidences B: accidents C: incentives D: occurrences

Then, police began to call at the apartments in the neighborhood, investigating car- smashing, shop-lifting, and other incidents. A: coincidences B: B．accidents C: C．incentives D: D．occurrences

He<br/>led all the way to the finish line, ____ the record by finishing the<br/>875-kilometer race in 5 days, 15 hours and 4 minutes – 9 hours<br/>faster than anyone before! A: smash B: smashed C: smashing D: to smash

The cover of London Calling featured a furious Paul Simonon, smashing his bass. Why was it named the best rock and roll photograph of all time by Q magazine? A: For it captures the moment of total loss of control. B: For it shows Paul’s anger towards the world. C: For it captures how Paul Simonon tried to break away from music. D: For it shows how loud and noisy the music can be.

中国大学MOOC:Task:ReadthearticleaboutakindoffitnesstrainingcalledHIIT.Thenchoosethebestexplanationsforsomeofthewordsandexpressions.HIIT:Isthefitnessscenesbiggestfaddoingmoreharmthangood?1.HighIntensityIntervalTraining(HIIT)hasbeenthedarlingofthefitnesssceneforafewyearsnow.Fundamentally,itinvolvesrepetitionsofshortburstsofintense,maximaleffortexercise;usuallyforanywherebetween20to40seconds.2.ThetheorybehindHIITisveryappealing.Byworkingoutatyourtoplevelofexertion,youburnmorecaloriesinashortspaceoftimethanotherworkouts.Whatsmore,studiesshowthatyourmetabolismstaysinaheightenedstateforupto24hoursafteryouvefinished.Andinpractice,HIITcanhaveimpressiveresults.Itsaneffectivetoolforincreasingcardiovascularfitness,sculptingyourphysiqueandincreasingmetabolicrate.HencewhyHIITclassesarepoppingupallovertheplace.Peoplehavebecomeaccustomedtoturninguptoaclasswithloudmusicanddarklighting,justlikeanightclub–andleavinginthesamestate:barelyabletowalk.3.However...IhaveabigbonetopickwithHIIT,whichisthattheresoftennofocusonformortechniqueintheseclasses,eventhoughitsnowprescribedasthego-toformofexerciseforeveryone.Instead,themeasureofagoodHIITsessionsseemstobehowdestroyedyoufeelafteraclass.Itsinevitablethatproblemsarisefromthisallpainforgainapproach.4.Oneissueissimplythatpeoplearedoingworkoutsthattheyrenotconditionedfor.Thereisnoemphasisonflexibility,mobilityoractivationinmanyHIITclasses;yetallareincrediblyimportantinkeepingthebodyfitandhealthyasyouage.5.Whatsmore,Iregularlyseepeople“smashing”multipleHIITclassesaday,5-6daysperweek.HIITshouldnotbedonemorethanthreetimesperweek(atmost),becauseitissostrenuous.Itputsanincrediblestrainonyournervoussystem,jointsandmuscles;especiallyifyouareoverweightandunfit.6.TheHIITapproachtoexercisehasgoneOTT.Itsenteringunsustainableterritory.7.HIIT’sriseinpopularityissymptomaticofwhatiswrongwiththefitnessindustryasawhole:abrazendisregardofthefundamentals,andadetrimental“onesizefitsall”mentality.Havingtrained100sofclientsinmyfiveyearsasapersonaltrainer,thebiggestissuesmostpeoplehavearealackofflexibility,mobilityandcorestrength,ontopofmuscleactivationissues.AlloftheabovecanleadtochronicinjuriesandarefurtherexacerbatedbyHIIT.8.Mybeliefisthateveryoneshouldtrytotrainlikeathletesdo.Idon’tmeanthesametrainingfrequencyandintensityasathletes,Imeanthementalityandtheapproach.Havingtrainedasacompetitivesprinterforfouryears,Ilearnedtotakeeveryaspectofmylifeintoaccount:sleep,restdays,nutritionandweaknesses.Ilearnttolistentomybody.SomedaysIwouldwakeupfeelingtiredandfatigued,soonthosedaysIwouldn’ttrainhard.Iwoulddosomethinglessintenseandfocusonrecovery.9.Remember:burningcaloriesisntthebeallandendalloffitnessandgoodhealth.Yes,HIITmayburnmorecaloriesthananyotherformofexercise,butitsnouseifitleadstoinjuryorillness.Overtrainingisarealdanger:itcanruinyourimmunesystem,causeinsomnia,affectyourappetiteandreleasecortisol,whichinturncanmakeyoumorelikelytoputonfat.********************************************Whatdoestheword“fad”inthetitleprobablymean?

2.[阅读理解] In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia,one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train.One of the looters,Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan,suddenly notices the camera and snatches it.Am I in this?he asks,before smashing it open.To the dismayed reporter,Lawrence explains,He thinks these things will steal his virtue.He thinks you're a kind of thief. As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands,stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic.The ignorant natives may have had a point.When photography first became available,scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts.But in some ways,anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.Up into the 1950s and 1960s,many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures,routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties,often with little regard for veracity.Edward Curtis,the legendary photographer of North American Indians,for example,got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation. These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated,primitive,and unchanging.For instance,National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures.As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic,the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white,middle-class American conventions.While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops,for example,white women's breasts are taboo.Photos that could unsettle or disturb,such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine,are discarded in favor of those that reassure,to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only kindly visions of foreign societies.The result,Lutz and Collins say,is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict. Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot.She read the magazine as a child,and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career.She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures,they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.

中国大学MOOC: Task: Read the article about a kind of fitness training called HIIT. Then choose the best explanations for some of the words and expressions. HIIT: Is the fitness scenes biggest fad doing more harm than good?1. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has been the darling of the fitness scene for a few years now. Fundamentally, itinvolves repetitions of short bursts of intense, maximal effort exercise; usually for anywhere between 20 to 40 seconds.2. The theory behind HIIT is very appealing. By working out at your top level of exertion, you burn more calories in a short space of time than other workouts. Whats more, studies show that your metabolism stays in a heightened state for up to 24 hours after youve finished. And in practice, HIIT can have impressive results. Its an effective tool for increasing cardiovascular fitness, sculpting your physique and increasing metabolic rate. Hence why HIIT classes are popping up all over the place. People have become accustomed to turning up to a class with loud music and dark lighting,just like a night club – and leaving in the same state: barely able to walk.3. However ... I have a big bone to pick with HIIT, which is that theres often no focus on form or technique in these classes, even though its nowprescribed as the go-to form of exercise for everyone. Instead, the measure of a good HIIT sessions seems to be how destroyed you feel after a class. Its inevitable that problems arise from this all pain for gain approach.4. One issue is simply that people are doing workouts that theyre not conditioned for.There is no emphasis on flexibility, mobility or activation in manyHIIT classes; yet all are incredibly important in keeping the body fit and healthy as you age.5. Whats more, I regularly see people “smashing” multiple HIIT classes a day, 5-6 days per week. HIIT should not be done more than three times per week (at most), because it is so strenuous. It puts an incredible strain on your nervous system, joints and muscles; especially if you are overweight and unfit.6. The HIIT approach to exercise has gone OTT. Its enteringunsustainable territory.7. HIIT’s rise in popularity is symptomatic of what is wrong with the fitness industry as a whole: a brazen disregard of the fundamentals, and a detrimental “one size fits all” mentality. Having trained 100s of clients in my fiveyears as a personal trainer, the biggest issues most people have are a lack of flexibility, mobility and core strength, on top of muscle activation issues. All of the above can lead to chronic injuries and are further exacerbated by HIIT.8. My belief is that everyone should try to train like athletes do. I don’t mean the same training frequency and intensity as athletes, I mean the mentality and the approach. Having trained as a competitive sprinter for fouryears, I learned to take every aspect of my life into account: sleep, rest days, nutrition and weaknesses. I learnt to listen to my body. Some days I would wake up feeling tired and fatigued, so on those days I wouldn’t train hard.I would do something less intense and focus on recovery.9. Remember: burning calories isnt the be all and end all of fitness and good health. Yes, HIIT may burn more calories than any other form of exercise, but its no use if it leads to injury or illness.Overtraining is a real danger:it can ruin your immune system, cause insomnia, affect your appetite and release cortisol, which in turn can make you more likely to put on fat. ********************************************What does the word “fad” in the title probably mean?