There are five things which teas are vulnerable to: light, air, heat, odors and ()
There are five things which teas are vulnerable to: light, air, heat, odors and ()
As the lunchtime is usually very short in the working days, it’s totally understandable for those to have lunch at their desk, as long as they keep it clean and free from any strong odors.
As the lunchtime is usually very short in the working days, it’s totally understandable for those to have lunch at their desk, as long as they keep it clean and free from any strong odors.
With the article, the author seems to be advising modern people to _______. A: eat more natural food B: have more contact with nature C: stop pursuing modern convenience D: e more tolerant of their body odors
With the article, the author seems to be advising modern people to _______. A: eat more natural food B: have more contact with nature C: stop pursuing modern convenience D: e more tolerant of their body odors
The three main types of complaints are. A: Noise complaints, bad odors and rude employees. B: Employee behaviour, false advertising, and rude employees. C: Noise complaints. false advertising, and incompetence D: Employee behaviour, dishonesty and property related
The three main types of complaints are. A: Noise complaints, bad odors and rude employees. B: Employee behaviour, false advertising, and rude employees. C: Noise complaints. false advertising, and incompetence D: Employee behaviour, dishonesty and property related
The main purpose of the study reported in this article was: A: to discover why certain animals use harmful odors while others form groups B: to investigate the difference between meerkats and skunks C: to investigate the differences between nocturnal and diurnal animals D: to discover the reason meerkats form social groups
The main purpose of the study reported in this article was: A: to discover why certain animals use harmful odors while others form groups B: to investigate the difference between meerkats and skunks C: to investigate the differences between nocturnal and diurnal animals D: to discover the reason meerkats form social groups
It can be inferred from the passage that______. A: scientists have discovered the working mechanism of the nose B: humans detect odors with a large number of receptors responsive to the odorous molecules themselves C: the receptors integrate various responses to the characteristics of an odor and store them in the brain D: e-noses operate on principles totally different from those of a real nose
It can be inferred from the passage that______. A: scientists have discovered the working mechanism of the nose B: humans detect odors with a large number of receptors responsive to the odorous molecules themselves C: the receptors integrate various responses to the characteristics of an odor and store them in the brain D: e-noses operate on principles totally different from those of a real nose
Passage 4 Personal Space Alice and Jimmy are facing one another. As she steps backward, he steps forward. Then he takes another step forward, and she turns outward. He then turns outward, and she turns toward him and takes a step in his direction. He turns back toward her and also moves forward. They pause for a second, and each moves backward and turns slightly away from the other. Have Alice and Jimmy learned the latest disco dance? Were they playing tennis or softball? No, Alice and Jimmy were simply carrying on a conversation about their English professor. In addition to expressing their ideas through words, they were communicating nonverbally through their use of space and personal distance. Each was attempting to maintain a certain distance from the other, although their preferred distances were not always the same. Sometimes Alice wanted more space than Jimmy, and sometimes Jimmy wanted more space than Alice. These differences led to the fancy footwork of moving backward and forward, inward and outward. Each person’s preferred distance also changed throughout the conversation. When Alice disagreed with Jimmy, he wanted more space; when she flirted, he wanted less distance between them. The distance or space that Alice and Jimmy were manipulating is called personal space and is the three-dimensional area of space is a portable territory with invisible boundaries that expand or contract depending on the situation. Individuals carry it around with them constantly and position themselves in conversations in a way that will maintain it. Julie needs very little personal space and is constantly moving closer to people in order to reach the distance she prefers. Sandy, on the other hand, needs more personal space and frequently finds herself backed up against walls as a result of trying to move away from people. Each tries to maintain her personal space, although she may not always be successful. The purpose and function of personal space have been analyzed. Jimmy stands 4 feet from his boss, 8 feet from his congressman, 2 feet from his mother, and 10 inches from his girlfriend. Why is his personal space different for each person? According to this theory, Jimmy’s body-bufferzone is greatest for the congressman because the congressman is very intimidating to him. On the other hand, his girlfriend is least threatening to him so he maintains the smallest distance with her. Perhaps, the most important characteristic of personal space is that it is variable. Some people need more personal space than others. Furthermore, our personal space needs vary depending on our sex, age, cultural background, and relationship to the people with whom we are interacting. Another important characteristic of personal space is that it interacts with other dimensions of nonverbal communication. For example, our perception and use of space depends on whether people are standing, sitting, or lying down. They also depend on whether we are facing or turned away from one another, how much touching can and does occur, how much of each other we physically can see, how loud our voices are, and whether or not body odors or heat can be detected. Mary may feel “too close” to Tom even though she is 6 feet away from him. However, even at that distance she can smell unpleasant body smells; her ears hurt from his loud voice; and she doesn’t like the fact that he is looking directly into her eyes. Mark, on the other hand, does not feel too close to Jane, even though they are only 8 inches apart. However, they are sitting back to back, cannot see one another, and are having difficulty in hearing one another. Several different factors are thought to influence personal-space needs. The most obvious one is perhaps relationship between people. Some researchers identified four distinct categories of informal space associated with four different types of relationships. According to these researchers, personal space can be divided into 4 categories: intimate, casual-personal, sicioconsultive, and public. Intimate distance, from 0 to 18 inches, is used by people who are involved with one another on a personal level. Causal-personal distance, from 1.5 to 4 is conducted from 4 to 8 feet, or at a socio-consultive distance. Finally, public distance ranged from 8 feet to the limits of a person’s vision or hearing. Another obvious factor influencing personal space is personality. Although the findings have been inconclusive, the research has been very conclusive in the related area of personality problems. The research related to it supports the opinion that the boundaries of personal space represent “body-buffer zones” used to protect people from emotional and physical threats. (760 words) 96. The first paragraph describes Alice and Jimmy’s during their conversation.
Passage 4 Personal Space Alice and Jimmy are facing one another. As she steps backward, he steps forward. Then he takes another step forward, and she turns outward. He then turns outward, and she turns toward him and takes a step in his direction. He turns back toward her and also moves forward. They pause for a second, and each moves backward and turns slightly away from the other. Have Alice and Jimmy learned the latest disco dance? Were they playing tennis or softball? No, Alice and Jimmy were simply carrying on a conversation about their English professor. In addition to expressing their ideas through words, they were communicating nonverbally through their use of space and personal distance. Each was attempting to maintain a certain distance from the other, although their preferred distances were not always the same. Sometimes Alice wanted more space than Jimmy, and sometimes Jimmy wanted more space than Alice. These differences led to the fancy footwork of moving backward and forward, inward and outward. Each person’s preferred distance also changed throughout the conversation. When Alice disagreed with Jimmy, he wanted more space; when she flirted, he wanted less distance between them. The distance or space that Alice and Jimmy were manipulating is called personal space and is the three-dimensional area of space is a portable territory with invisible boundaries that expand or contract depending on the situation. Individuals carry it around with them constantly and position themselves in conversations in a way that will maintain it. Julie needs very little personal space and is constantly moving closer to people in order to reach the distance she prefers. Sandy, on the other hand, needs more personal space and frequently finds herself backed up against walls as a result of trying to move away from people. Each tries to maintain her personal space, although she may not always be successful. The purpose and function of personal space have been analyzed. Jimmy stands 4 feet from his boss, 8 feet from his congressman, 2 feet from his mother, and 10 inches from his girlfriend. Why is his personal space different for each person? According to this theory, Jimmy’s body-bufferzone is greatest for the congressman because the congressman is very intimidating to him. On the other hand, his girlfriend is least threatening to him so he maintains the smallest distance with her. Perhaps, the most important characteristic of personal space is that it is variable. Some people need more personal space than others. Furthermore, our personal space needs vary depending on our sex, age, cultural background, and relationship to the people with whom we are interacting. Another important characteristic of personal space is that it interacts with other dimensions of nonverbal communication. For example, our perception and use of space depends on whether people are standing, sitting, or lying down. They also depend on whether we are facing or turned away from one another, how much touching can and does occur, how much of each other we physically can see, how loud our voices are, and whether or not body odors or heat can be detected. Mary may feel “too close” to Tom even though she is 6 feet away from him. However, even at that distance she can smell unpleasant body smells; her ears hurt from his loud voice; and she doesn’t like the fact that he is looking directly into her eyes. Mark, on the other hand, does not feel too close to Jane, even though they are only 8 inches apart. However, they are sitting back to back, cannot see one another, and are having difficulty in hearing one another. Several different factors are thought to influence personal-space needs. The most obvious one is perhaps relationship between people. Some researchers identified four distinct categories of informal space associated with four different types of relationships. According to these researchers, personal space can be divided into 4 categories: intimate, casual-personal, sicioconsultive, and public. Intimate distance, from 0 to 18 inches, is used by people who are involved with one another on a personal level. Causal-personal distance, from 1.5 to 4 is conducted from 4 to 8 feet, or at a socio-consultive distance. Finally, public distance ranged from 8 feet to the limits of a person’s vision or hearing. Another obvious factor influencing personal space is personality. Although the findings have been inconclusive, the research has been very conclusive in the related area of personality problems. The research related to it supports the opinion that the boundaries of personal space represent “body-buffer zones” used to protect people from emotional and physical threats. (760 words) 96. The first paragraph describes Alice and Jimmy’s during their conversation.
What nature is telling you? 1 Let’s sit down here, all of us, on the open prairie, where we can’t see a highway or a fence, free from the debris of the city. Let’s have no blankets to sit on, but let our bodies converge with the earth, the surrounding trees and shrubs. Let’s have the vegetation for a mattress, experiencing its texture, its sharpness and its softness. Let us become like stones, plants, and trees. Let us be animals, think and feel like animals. 2 This is my plea: Listen to the air. You can hear it, feel it, smell it, taste it. We feel it between us, as a presence presiding over the day. It is a good way to start thinking about nature and talking about it. To go further, we must rather talk to it, talk to the rivers, to the lakes, to the winds as to our relatives. 3 You have impaired our ability to experience nature in the good way, as part of it. Even here we are conscious that somewhere beyond the marsh and its cranes, somewhere out in those hills there are radar towers and highway overpasses. This land is so beautiful and strange that now some of you want to make it into a national park. You have not only contaminated the earth, the rocks, the minerals, all of which you call “dead” but which are very much alive; you have even changed the animals, which are part of us, changed them into vulgar zoological mutations, so no one can recognize them. 4 There is power in an antelope, so you let it graze within your fences. But what power do you see in a goat or sheep, prey animals with no defenses, creatures that hold still while you slaughter them? There was great power in a wolf, even in a fox. You have inverted nature and turned these noble animals into miniature lap dogs. Nature is bound by your ropes and whips and is obedient to your commands. You can’t do much with a cat, so you fix it, alter it, declaw it, and even cut its vocal cords so that you can experiment on it in a laboratory without being disturbed by its cries. 5 You have also made all types of wild birds into chickens – creatures with wings so impaired that they cannot fly. There are farms where you breed chickens for breast meat. Those birds are kept in low, repressive cages, forced to be hunched over all the time, which makes the breast muscles very big. One loud noise and the chickens go mad, killing themselves by flying against the walls of their cages. Having to spend all their lives stooped over makes an unnatural, crazy, no-good bird. It also makes unnatural, detached, no-good human beings. 6 That’s where you’ve fooled yourselves. You have not only altered, declawed, and deformed your winged and four-legged cousins; you have done it concurrently to yourselves. You inject Botox, or use plastic surgery, synthetic make-up and countless drugs. You have filtered and remolded humans into executives sitting in boardrooms, into office workers, into time-clock punchers. Your homes are filled with families disconnected from one another but tied to one great entity, television. 7 “Watch the ashes, don’t smoke, you’ll stain the curtains. Watch the goldfish bowl. Don’t lean your head against the wallpaper; your hair may be greasy. Don’t spill liquor on that table: You’ll peel off its delicate finish. You should have wiped your boots; the floor was just cleaned. Don’t, don’t, don’t ...” That is absurd! We weren’t made to endure this type of repression. You live in prisons which you have built for yourselves, calling them “homes”, offices, factories. 8 Sometimes I think that even our pitiful small houses are better than your luxury mansions. Strolling a hundred feet to the outhouse on a clear wintry night, through mud or snow, that’s one small link with nature. Or in the summer, in the back country, taking your time, listening to the humming of the insects or the flapping of birds’ wings, the sun warming your bones through the nodding branches of trees; you don’t even have that pleasure of coexistence with nature anymore. 9 You subscribe to the belief that everything must be germ free. No smells! Not even the good, natural man and woman odors. Eradicate the smell from under your armpits, from your skin. Rub it out, and then spray some botanical odor on yourself, stuff you can spend a lot of money on, ten dollars an ounce, so you know this has to smell good. Why do you keep such a distance from your bodies’ functions, cavities and smells that you’ve alienated yourselves from the natural world, of which you are an integral part? 10 I think you are so afraid and intolerant of the world around you. You deplore the natural world; you don’t want to see, feel, smell, or hear it. The feelings of rain and snow on your face, being numbed by an icy wind and warmed back up by a smoking fire, coming out of a hot sweat bath and plunging into a cold stream, these things are the spice of life, but you don’t want them anymore. 11 You’re cage dwellers, living in boxes which shut out the hot humidity of the summer and the chill of winter, living inside a body that no longer has a scent. You’re hearing the noise from the hi-fi instead of listening to the sounds of nature. You’re watching actors on TV having a make-believe experience when you no longer experience anything for yourself. That’s your way. It’s no good.
What nature is telling you? 1 Let’s sit down here, all of us, on the open prairie, where we can’t see a highway or a fence, free from the debris of the city. Let’s have no blankets to sit on, but let our bodies converge with the earth, the surrounding trees and shrubs. Let’s have the vegetation for a mattress, experiencing its texture, its sharpness and its softness. Let us become like stones, plants, and trees. Let us be animals, think and feel like animals. 2 This is my plea: Listen to the air. You can hear it, feel it, smell it, taste it. We feel it between us, as a presence presiding over the day. It is a good way to start thinking about nature and talking about it. To go further, we must rather talk to it, talk to the rivers, to the lakes, to the winds as to our relatives. 3 You have impaired our ability to experience nature in the good way, as part of it. Even here we are conscious that somewhere beyond the marsh and its cranes, somewhere out in those hills there are radar towers and highway overpasses. This land is so beautiful and strange that now some of you want to make it into a national park. You have not only contaminated the earth, the rocks, the minerals, all of which you call “dead” but which are very much alive; you have even changed the animals, which are part of us, changed them into vulgar zoological mutations, so no one can recognize them. 4 There is power in an antelope, so you let it graze within your fences. But what power do you see in a goat or sheep, prey animals with no defenses, creatures that hold still while you slaughter them? There was great power in a wolf, even in a fox. You have inverted nature and turned these noble animals into miniature lap dogs. Nature is bound by your ropes and whips and is obedient to your commands. You can’t do much with a cat, so you fix it, alter it, declaw it, and even cut its vocal cords so that you can experiment on it in a laboratory without being disturbed by its cries. 5 You have also made all types of wild birds into chickens – creatures with wings so impaired that they cannot fly. There are farms where you breed chickens for breast meat. Those birds are kept in low, repressive cages, forced to be hunched over all the time, which makes the breast muscles very big. One loud noise and the chickens go mad, killing themselves by flying against the walls of their cages. Having to spend all their lives stooped over makes an unnatural, crazy, no-good bird. It also makes unnatural, detached, no-good human beings. 6 That’s where you’ve fooled yourselves. You have not only altered, declawed, and deformed your winged and four-legged cousins; you have done it concurrently to yourselves. You inject Botox, or use plastic surgery, synthetic make-up and countless drugs. You have filtered and remolded humans into executives sitting in boardrooms, into office workers, into time-clock punchers. Your homes are filled with families disconnected from one another but tied to one great entity, television. 7 “Watch the ashes, don’t smoke, you’ll stain the curtains. Watch the goldfish bowl. Don’t lean your head against the wallpaper; your hair may be greasy. Don’t spill liquor on that table: You’ll peel off its delicate finish. You should have wiped your boots; the floor was just cleaned. Don’t, don’t, don’t ...” That is absurd! We weren’t made to endure this type of repression. You live in prisons which you have built for yourselves, calling them “homes”, offices, factories. 8 Sometimes I think that even our pitiful small houses are better than your luxury mansions. Strolling a hundred feet to the outhouse on a clear wintry night, through mud or snow, that’s one small link with nature. Or in the summer, in the back country, taking your time, listening to the humming of the insects or the flapping of birds’ wings, the sun warming your bones through the nodding branches of trees; you don’t even have that pleasure of coexistence with nature anymore. 9 You subscribe to the belief that everything must be germ free. No smells! Not even the good, natural man and woman odors. Eradicate the smell from under your armpits, from your skin. Rub it out, and then spray some botanical odor on yourself, stuff you can spend a lot of money on, ten dollars an ounce, so you know this has to smell good. Why do you keep such a distance from your bodies’ functions, cavities and smells that you’ve alienated yourselves from the natural world, of which you are an integral part? 10 I think you are so afraid and intolerant of the world around you. You deplore the natural world; you don’t want to see, feel, smell, or hear it. The feelings of rain and snow on your face, being numbed by an icy wind and warmed back up by a smoking fire, coming out of a hot sweat bath and plunging into a cold stream, these things are the spice of life, but you don’t want them anymore. 11 You’re cage dwellers, living in boxes which shut out the hot humidity of the summer and the chill of winter, living inside a body that no longer has a scent. You’re hearing the noise from the hi-fi instead of listening to the sounds of nature. You’re watching actors on TV having a make-believe experience when you no longer experience anything for yourself. That’s your way. It’s no good.