验证集合[tex=13.929x2.786]sraKGfibtSfNWEOcV4o+oEHY1u5QheDBWcVG/cMxeDknoTzS7JTT0gBViNb70nX8WXR2LfWM8VxvYMu6NDmq47TB5fiH6wTy9TvFb5kILb5C8AxZMQOhHlsiDVXL4AKkpgV7sIcQ5b9QI1DTg65ypA==[/tex]  是 [tex=1.071x1.214]qStEU447HLeTxTGP08eUhUtShp3rudurhQtxhNTtoJ0=[/tex] 上的向量空间.

指出下列集合中哪些集合在中是开集，哪些是区域？哪些是有界区域？哪些是有界闭区域：[tex=13.929x2.786]B+ysm7uUNLjaLDeahjX3s15fxPKGAOkS6zxrni35N/G1f+E2wGpwi07y0ZELFB31e0qDWaFKOToKwEF04ws9PdTdQwb81uRiN6LsZZRlZ4c=[/tex].

设[tex=6.143x1.571]QBZUOQUmBWvo/FHw3V9n1EfoF7ukqDAh1PCxMrhfxfR6KOz4XNLRy4mOeXEGIESt[/tex] 且[tex=1.0x1.214]+33urkkz3/Nyr4sGrqM3/w==[/tex]未知,对均值作区间估计，置信度为[tex=1.857x1.143]sbGJwUcEz4//3QlU/contQ==[/tex]的置信区间是 未知类型：{'options': ['[tex=13.286x2.786]E+NYhv9O+StqYt/AfH69aGrYTJjVe7Wjb2x7LEYjM4yOUsSSkbVKlxUhocGqJa5IDvw2av3Kw9Xe74Ia3jKerX+3YHeLAqOZfv8174qA2K97Wuuo1kQ/BzdCk7c9dfb7[/tex]', '[tex=13.5x2.786]E+NYhv9O+StqYt/AfH69aDF7JHjhSZAlBAanT2lWv286OO7O3kzTpJ9E2PaT5jj/Un9QLH06kVW3GDG/5AtUFb+BSWnZSG8eEFaCKZ6IN+U4VJZlAa9XmlmGYKNo6nuz45M0+4aCrhguKyytcSNRnA==[/tex]', '[tex=13.929x2.786]E+NYhv9O+StqYt/AfH69aGrYTJjVe7Wjb2x7LEYjM4w7Ezh0JIZK2jj5T12QADwu53o2HPGncCf+Dq8XN/wJLcr/HT39X2bLyqAJ6r/MgXHKgQ3SpkFR1av8MTC9aILr[/tex]', '[tex=13.929x2.786]E+NYhv9O+StqYt/AfH69aDF7JHjhSZAlBAanT2lWv2/2MznIjruc2XnzZ9t52VkoL+P5Omyjgtac3aur+UJuReh/RfUwaI3DjoA6mnMY4nYJgmWZkj4G/8bsfA5SGhX0wG4mmR0V2T5smSUIsA1ziQ==[/tex]'], 'type': 102}

[tex=2.786x1.143]7+oGozmyJyKX+aXnVybvOlM7IeiIegCsb9p1bU6EHxo=[/tex]对于下面定义的加法和数量乘法，是否构成实数域上的线性空间？[tex=16.786x1.357]jI1oqbiyUHYU1xbNvvBdDEK+eQqMIce2ZzExQB6wsXwIBoXH8agKmfP4I1NdeQfqwxi2TDO/FwIJtEzwbQKjRjFLbNjmsH/iaPTi8PkiqMraVa5kM6vwiJ3mbteo1VCAi6CHi/ag4qrUgb4enwyMuw==[/tex]，[tex=13.929x2.786]4B7zL+fikBtiFqoYAJO3dmCDsWJIuz2o8rMeSqg1shDuk7MIyGDrIG3bsRxWwm5/urESzzCLLk2jxeBKkAqpJg==[/tex]。

下列变量组（）是一个闭回路。 A: {x，x，x，x，x，x} B: {x，x，x，x，x} C: {x，x，x，x，x，x} D: {x，x，x，x，x，x}

以下谓词蕴含式正确的是（）: (∀x) (A(x)→B(x))=>( ∀x)A(x)→(∀x)B(x)|(∀x) (A(x)↔B(x))=>( ∀x)A(x)↔(∀x)B(x)|(∀x)A(x)∨(∀x)B(x)=>( ∀x) (A(x)∨B(x))|(∃x) (A(x)∧B(x))=>(∃x)A(x)∧(∃x)B(x)

以下谓词蕴含式正确的是（）: (?x) (A(x)→B(x))=>( ?x)A(x)→(?x)B(x)|(?x) (A(x)?B(x))=>( ?x)A(x)?(?x)B(x)|(?x)A(x)∨(?x)B(x)=>( ?x) (A(x)∨B(x))|(?x) (A(x)∧B(x))=>(?x)A(x)∧(?x)B(x)

下列式中错误的是： A: (∀x)(A(x)Úp(x)) Û (∀x)A(x)Ú (∀x)p(x) B: ($x)A(x) Ù p Û ($x)(A(x) Ù p ) C: (∀x)(A(x)ÚB(x)) Þ (∀x)A(x)Ú( ∀x)B(x) D: ($x)(A(x)ÙB(x)) Þ ($x)A(x)Ù( $x)B(x)

判断下列推证是否正确。 (∀x)(A(x)→B(x))⇔(∀x)(￢A(x)∨B(x)) ⇔(∀x)￢( A(x)∧￢B(x) ) ⇔￢(∃x) ( A(x)∧￢B(x) ) ⇔￢( (∃x)A(x)∧(∃x)￢B(x) ) ⇔￢(∃x)A(x)∨￢(∃x)￢B(x) ⇔￢(∃x)A(x)∨(∀x)B(x) ⇔(∃x)A(x)→(∀x)B(x)

以下谓词公式中，( )不是逻辑有效式。 A: ($x)(P(x)∧Q(x)) Þ ($x) P(x)∧($x) Q(x) B: ("x)(P(x)∧Q(x)) Þ ("x) P(x)∧("x) Q(x) C: ($x)(P(x)∧Q(x)) Û ($x) P(x)∧($x) Q(x) D: ("x)(P(x)∧Q(x)) Û ("x) P(x)∧("x) Q(x)